Elias Ibrahimi Khoram Abadi; mohsen kazemi; Reza Tohidi
Abstract
Nanotechnology brings new solution for improving ruminal fermentation. Meta-analysis study of the effect of nanoparticles on ruminal fermentation can help to better understand how to manipulate ruminal fermentation. After searching and selecting appropriate articles, data related to ruminal fermentation ...
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Nanotechnology brings new solution for improving ruminal fermentation. Meta-analysis study of the effect of nanoparticles on ruminal fermentation can help to better understand how to manipulate ruminal fermentation. After searching and selecting appropriate articles, data related to ruminal fermentation parameters were extracted. Meta-analyses were carried out using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis package, version 3. The effect sizes of across studies were calculated with fixed and random effect models. Possible publication bias was evaluated with funnel plot and statistical tests. The results of meta-analysis showed that the administration of nanoparticles in the diet, has a positive effect on gas production, total VFAs concentration and apparent dry matter digestibility. Addition of nanoparticles in the diet decrease N-NH3 concentration. The values of I2 for GP and TVFAs indicated moderate and values of I2 for N-NH3 concentration and apparent dry matter digestibility effect size indicated high heterogeneity, respectively. Administration of nanoparticles can improve ruminal fermentation process due to its positive effects on microbial growth, fiber degradation, DM digestibility, TVFAs concentration, and reduce the ratio of acetate to propionate and methane production.
Mohammad Ghaderzadeh; Zohreh Mozduri; Jabar Jamali; Yahya Mohammadi
Abstract
On the contrary, the grain-fed steers received a grain-based regime that served as an efficient source of high-digestible energy. Rumen may function differently in the grass- and grain-fed regimes. Therefore, grain-fed cattle suffer stronger metabolic stress than pasture-fed steers; and they tend to ...
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On the contrary, the grain-fed steers received a grain-based regime that served as an efficient source of high-digestible energy. Rumen may function differently in the grass- and grain-fed regimes. Therefore, grain-fed cattle suffer stronger metabolic stress than pasture-fed steers; and they tend to easily have metabolic and infectious diseases. In this study to gain insights into transcriptional regulation in spleen and rumen tissues under two different regimes include grass and grain, the first high expression genes in two different conditions were identified by RNA-seq data analyses. Promoter analysis was performed using a bioinformatics database of Genomatix. Moreover, in this study to the visualization of regulatory networks containing transcription factors and that regulate the genes in the rumen and spleen, were used Cytoscape software. Then, promoter analysis leads to the identification of 31 novel transcription factor activating in the rumen and 10 novel transcription factors candidates in the spleen in cow fed with grass and grains. Results revealed that 10 genes with the highest expression were identified in both rumen and spleen. According to the analysis of the results in the David Database, the processes: reduction of oxidation, regulation of cell proliferation, ion transport, epididymal development ,and ectoderm development were evaluated as significant. The results in this study provide valuable insights into molecular mechanisms in spleen and rumen tissues under two different regimes include grass and grain.
narjes rafiee pour ahmadi; Omid Dayani; Reza Tahmasbi; mohammad mahdi sharifi hosseini; zohreh hajalizadeh
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine chemical composition of Gundelia Tournefortii (GT) hay and the effect of replacing GT hay with alfalfa hay and wheat straw on nutrients digestibility, microbial protein synthesis, ruminal and blood parameters. In this experiment, four Kermani mature ram (BW= 55±2.5 ...
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The aim of this study was to determine chemical composition of Gundelia Tournefortii (GT) hay and the effect of replacing GT hay with alfalfa hay and wheat straw on nutrients digestibility, microbial protein synthesis, ruminal and blood parameters. In this experiment, four Kermani mature ram (BW= 55±2.5 kg) were used in a 4×4 Latin Square design with four periods of 21 days. The experimental diets were: 1) control diet (without GT hay), 2) diet containing 10% GT hay, 3) diet containing 20% GT and 4) diet containing 30% GT hay. The organic matter, ether extract and neutral detergent fiber of GT hay were significantly (p < 0.05) higher, while crude protein and acid detergent fiber were lower than alfalfa hay (p < 0.05). The intake and excretion nitrogen, and percentage of retained nitrogen, ruminal ammonia- nitrogen and pH were not affected by experimental diets. The lowest number of total protozoa and its species were obtained with diet containing 30% GT hay (p < 0.05). The concentration of blood glucose in sheep fed diet containing 20% GT was maximum (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the chemical composition of GT hay compared to alfalfa hay and wheat straw showed that this can be used as a feed with the high amount of metabolizable energy and fiber in sheep diet without negative effects on animal performance.
Saber Jelokhani-niaraki; mojtaba Tahmoorespur; Zarrin Minuchehr; Ehsan Motamedian; Mohammad Reza Nassiri
Abstract
Streptococcus bovis has been considered to be one of the starch utilizers and lactate producers in the rumen. By considering the role of S. bovis as main lactic acid producer, a large amount of biological information about this strain has been published. But there has not been a systematic analysis of ...
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Streptococcus bovis has been considered to be one of the starch utilizers and lactate producers in the rumen. By considering the role of S. bovis as main lactic acid producer, a large amount of biological information about this strain has been published. But there has not been a systematic analysis of metabolic capabilities for S. bovis so far. In the present study, the first genome-scale metabolic model of S. bovis (iStr472) was reconstructed based on the genome annotation of S. bovis B315. The model was analyzed in terms of sensitivity, topology and capabilities for utilization of other substrates. Results revealed that iStr472 comprises 694 reactions, 626 metabolites and 472 genes. The majority of reactions were located on the nucleotides metabolic pathway. The metabolic genes of model estimated as 27.6 % of all coding genes. Comparison of two models (iStr472 and ModelSEED) indicated that iStr472 has a higher accuracy and validity than the ModelSEED. The 16 highly connected metabolites were found in the model. The results of reaction deletion presented that the model has 126 vital reactions essential for the organism's growth. According to the model prediction, production of biomass was inversely influenced by lactate production. The iStr472 is also capable of utilizing fructose as carbon source. Taken together, it would be possible to use the predictions of iStr472 as a tool for better understanding the metabolism and metabolic engineering of S. bovis for reduced lactate production in the rumen.
