Phase feeding with different energy and protein levels in comparison with NRC and Ross feeding system on growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood metabolites of broilers

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

University of Jiroft

Abstract

In this experiment, 160 one day old male broilers were used to compare the effect of weekly changing of metabolizable energy (ME) and protein (CP) levels with NRC and Ross feeding system on growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood metabolites of broilers. Experiment was done in a completely randomized design with 4 treatment and 4 replicates (10 birds each). There were four experimental treatments including: T1: diets formulated based on NRC recommendation, T2: diets formulated based on Ross recommendation T3: phase feeding 1 and T4: phase feeding 2. The results showed that lowering ME and CP level did not have any adverse effect on broiler performance till 14 days of age. In grower, finisher and whole period, significant effect of treatments was seen on performance traits (P<0.05). Cost calculations showed that the most food cost was seen for NRC diets and the lowest cost was for phase feeding 2 diet. The best weight gain and feed conversion ratio was observed in birds feeding by Ross diet and after that NRC diet and T3. Effect of treatments on the relative weight of breast, abdominal fat and spleen was significant (P<0.05). Effect of treatment on blood metabolites including glucose, cholesterol and blood cells was not significant but heterophil to lymphocyte ratio was differed significantly (P<0.05) as it was higher in birds with weekly changing of diets.

Keywords

References

قیصری، ع.، سرائیان، ا.، طغیانی، م (1384) پاسخ جوجه خروس‌های مادر گوشتی به جیره‌های حاوی سطوح مختلف انرژی پروتئین و اسیدهای آمینه گوگردار. مجله علوم و فنون کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی.  شماره سوم، 194-185.
محمودی، م (1393) اثر سطوح مختلف انرژی و پروتئین بر عملکرد رشد، متابولیتهای خونی و پاسخ ایمنی جوجه‌های‏گوشتی در شرایط تنش گرمایی. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد.
وحدت پور، ت.، ناظرعدل، ک.، ابراهیم نژاد، ی.، ماهری سیس، ن.، اقدام شهریار، ح( 1389) اثرات افزایش انرژی جیره با استفاده از چربیهای مختلف بر فراسنجه‌هاى بیوشیمیایی سرم جوجه‌های گوشتی. فصلنامه تخصصى علوم دامى. جلد سوم.  شماره سوم .
Albuquerque, R, Faria, D.E. Junqueira, O.M. Salvador, D. Faria Filho D.E.  and Rizzo, M.F )2003(. Effects of energy level in finisher diets and slaughter age of on the Performance and carcass yield in broiler chickens. Revista Brasileria de Ciencia Avicola. 5:1-10.
Azizi, B., Sadeghi, G.H., Karimi, A., and Abedi, F. (2011). Effects of dietary energy and protein dilution and time of feed replacement from starter to grower on broiler chickens performance. Animal Science. 12(1):44-52.
Bartlett, J.R., and Smith, M.O.  (2003). Effects of different levels of zinc on the performance and immunocompetence of broilers under heat stress. Poultry Science. 82: 1580-1588.
Borges, S. A., Fischer Da Silva, A.V., Majorka, A., Hooge,  D.M. and Cummings, K.R. (2004). Physiological responses of  broiler chickens to heat stress and dietary electrolytebalance (sodium plus potassium minus chloride, miliequivalents per kilogram). Poultry Science. 83:1551-1558.
Brewer, B.V., Owens, C.M. and Emmert, J.L. (2012a). Phase feeding in a small-bird production scenario: Effect on growth performance, yield, and fillet dimension. Poultry Science. 91:1262-1268.
Brewer, B.V., Owens, C.M. and Emmert, J.L. (2012b). Phase feeding in a big-bird production scenario: Effect on growth performance, yield, and fillet dimension. Poultry Science. 91:1256-1261.
Dozier, W.A and Moran, E.T. (2001). Response of early- and late -developing broilers to nutritionally adequate and restrictive feeding regimens during the summer. Journal of Applied Poultry Research.10:92-98.
Emmert, J. L., and Baker, H.D. (1997). Use of the ideal protein concept for precision formulation of amino acid levels in broiler diets. Poultry Research. 6:462-470.
Ferket, P. R., E. van Heugten, T. A. van Kempen, and R. Angel. 2002. Nutritional strategies to reduce environmental emissions from nonruminants. Journal of Animal Science. 80:168-182.
Klasing, K.C. 1998a . Comparative avian nutrition. CAB International, chapter 6: Amino acids: pp 133-169.
Klasing, K.C. 1998b. Avian macrophages Regulators of local and systemic immune response. Poultry science. 77: 983-989.
Leeson, S., Summers, J.D. (2005). Commercial poultry nutrition. Third Edition, Nottingham University Press.
Nahashon, S.N., Adefope, N., Amenyenu. A., and Wright, D. (2005). Effects of dietary metabolizable energy and crude protein concentrations on growth performance and carcass characteristics of french guinea broilers. Poultry science. 84:337-344.
Nasril. J. (2003). Continuous multiple-phase feeding of broiler chickens. PhD. Dissertation. Texas A&M University.
National Research Council. (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th rev. ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
Nguyen, T.V and Banchasak. C. (2005). Effects of dietary protein and energy on growth performance and carcass characteristics of Betong chicken at early growth stage. Journal of Science and Technology. 27:1171-1178.
Pesti. G. M., and Miller, R.B. (1997). Modeling for precision nutrition. Journal of Applied Poultry Research.  6:483-494.
Pope. T., and Emmert, L.J. (2001). Phase-Feeding Supports Matimum Growth Performance of Broiler chicks from forty-three to seventy-one Days of Age. Poultry Science. 80:345-352.
Praharaj, N.K, Danington, F.A., and Sicgel, P.B. (1995). Growth immune responsiveness and disease resistance of diverse stocks of chicken reared under two nutritional regime. Poultry science. 74(11): 1721-1729
Rosales, A.G. (1994). Managing stress in broiler breeders: A review. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 3:199-207.
Smith, M. O. (1993). Parts yield of broilers reared under cycling high temperatures. Poultry Science. 72:1146-1150.
Warren. W.A. and Emmert, L.J.  (2000). Efficacy of phase-feeding in supporting growth performance of broiler chicks during the starter and finisher phases. Poultry Science. 79:764-770.
Wijtten, P.J.A., Park, R., Lemme, A.,  and Langhout, D.J. (2004). Effect of different dietary ideal protein concentrations on broiler performance. British Poultry science. 45: 504-511
Animal Sciences Journal
Volume 31, Issue 118
June 2018
Pages 45-60

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics