Research Journal of Livestock Science

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

FAQ

Peer Review Process

Journal Metrics

News

Investigating the effects of wasted onion on dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility, and ruminal fermentation and blood parameters in sheep

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Msc Graduate of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

2 Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman

3 phD Graduate of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, Young Researcher Society, University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

Abstract

In order to investigate the effects of different levels of wasted onion (WO) on nutrient digestibility, volatile fatty acids, protozoa population and blood parameters, four Kermani male sheep (BW, 45±1.5 kg) were assigned to Latin square design with four 21-days period. After determining the chemical composition of WO, different levels of it (DM basis) was replaced with barley grain in diets. The experimental diets were: 1) control (no WO), 2) diet containing 8% WO, 3) diet containing 16% WO, and 4) diet containing 24% WO. The dry matter intake, and dry matter and crude protein digestibility of experimental diets were not affected by the WO. The intake and excretion nitrogen and percentage of retained nitrogen were not affected by experimental diets. Also, ruminal fermentation parameters including pH, NH3-N and protozoa population were not affected by addition of WO in diets, but ruminal valeric acid concentration decreased with increasing WO (p<0.05). Furthermore, blood cholesterol decreased linearly (p<0.05) by adding WO. In general, the use of WO up to 24% of the diet instead of barley grain showed no signs of poisoning or anemia (paleness of the mucous membranes, slight discoloration of urine, weakness and lethargy) in sheep. Therefore, due to the fact that the majority of parameters tested in this study were not significantly affected when using WO in diet, WO can be used up to 24% (DM basis) in sheep's diet.

Keywords

References
اکبری‌قرائی، م. (1376). مقایسه روش‌های مختلف پیش­بینی قابلیت هضم در گوسفند. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد علوم دامی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران. ایران.
حاجی‌صادقی، ی.، فرتاش‌وند، م. شکوهی، م. و بهاورنیا، س.ر. (1391). کم‌خونی همولیتیک ناشی از مسمومیت تجربی با پیاز در گوسفند قزل ایرانی. مجله آسیب‌شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی. دوره 6، شماره 4.
دانش‌مسگران، م.، طهماسبی، ع.م. و وکیلی، ع.ر. (1387). هضم و سوخت و ساز در نشخوارکنندگان. انتشارات دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد. ص. 210-180.
روحانی، م.، جوادیان کوتنایی، ش.، رضایی، ف. و اسکندری، م. (1396). گزارش وقوع مسمومیت گیاه پیاز و اثرات کم خونی همولیتیک در گوسفند نژاد قزل ایرانی. یازدهمین کنگره دانشجویان دامپزشکی ایران.
طاهری­نیا، م.ح.، چاجی، م.، محمدآبادی، ط.، اسلامی، م. و ساری، م. (1393). تأثیر استفاده از پودر سیر در جیره گوسفند بر قابلیت هضم، تخمیر و جمعیت پروتوزوآیی شکمبه. نشریه پژوهش­های علوم دامی ایران. شماره 4. ص. 324-332.
علیزاده، ا. (1378). رابطه آب و خاک و گیاه. انتشارات دانشگاه امام رضا (ع)، مشهد.
عنابی­میلانی، ا. (1385). تعیین تبخیر و تعرق و ضریب گیاهی پیاز در طول دوره رشد در دشت تبریز، گزارش نهایی طرح تحقیقاتی. موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب. ص. 48.
فرشی، ع.ا. (1376). برآورد آب مورد نیاز گیاهان عمده زراعی و باغی کشور. جلد اول. نشر آموزش کشاورزی. ص. 90.
کیوانلو، م.، اصلانی، م.ر. و مهری، م. (1390). بررسی اثرات مسمومیت تجربی با پیاز در بز: یافته‌های بالینی و آزمایشگاهی. پایان‌نامه دکتری تخصصی. دانشکده دامپزشکی. دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.
محرری، ع. و نوریان، س.ح. (1391). اثر مکمل موننسین بر روی عملکرد، قابلیت هضم و وضعیت نیتروژن دفعی در گوسفند. مجله علوم دامی ایران. شماره 4. ص465-479.
 Ahmed, A.A., Bassuony, N.I., El-Habiab, S., Award, S., Aiad, A.M. and Mohamed, S.A.  (2009). Adding natural juice of vegetables and fruitage to ruminant diets (B) nutrients utilization, microbial safety and immunity, effect of diets supplemented with lemon, onion and garlic juice fed to growing buffalo calves. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 5 (4):456-465.
Anassori, E., Dalir–Naghadeh, B., Pirmohammadi, R., Taghizadeh, A., Asri–Rezaei, S., Maham, M., Farahmand–Azar, S. and Farhoomand, P. (2011). Garlic: A potential alternative for Monensin as a rumen modifier. Journal of Livestock Science, 142(3):276-285.
AOAC, (2005). Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC international. AOAC international. Maryland, USA.
Aslani, M.R., Mohri, M. and Movassaghi, A.R. (2005). Heinz body anaemia associated with onion (Allium cepa) toxicosis in a flock of sheep. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 14(2):118-120.
Bang, M.A., Kim, H.A. and Cho, Y.J. (2009). Alterations in the blood glucose, serum lipids and renal oxidative stress in diabetic rats by supplementation of onion (Allium cepa. Linn). Nutrition Research and Practice, 3(3):242-246.
Beasley, V. (1999). Toxicants that cause hemolysis. Veterinary Toxicology, available online at www.ivis.org.
Brewster, J.L. (2008). Onions and other vegetable alliums. 2nd ed., CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom.
Calsamiglia, S., Busquet, M., Cardozo, P.W., Castillejos, L. and Ferret, A. (2007). Invited Review: Essential Oils as Modifiers of Rumen Microbial Fermentation. Journal of Dairy Science, 90: 2580–2595.
Cardozo, P.W., Calsamiglia, S., Ferret, A. and Kamel, C. (2005). Screening for the effects of natural plant extracts at different pH on in vitro rumen microbial fermentation of a high-concentrate diet for beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 83:2572–2579.
Cassida, K.A., Barton, B.A., Hough, R.L., Wiedenhoeft, M.H. and Guillard, K. (1994). Feed Intake and apparent digestibility of Hay-Supplemented brassica diets for Lambs. Journal of Animal Science, 72:1623-1629.
Corzo Martinez, M., Corzo, N. and Villamiel, M. (2007). Biological properties of onions and garlic. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 18:609-625.
Davis, G.V. and Stallcup, O.T. (1967). Effect of soybean meals, raw soybeans corn gluten feed and urea on the concentration of rumen fluid components at intervals after feeding. Journal of Dairy Science, 50:1638-1645
Effendy, J.L., Simmons, D.L., Campbell, G.R. and Campbell, J.H. (1997). The effect of aged garlic extract ‘‘Kyolic’’, on the development of experimental atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis, 132: 37–42
Fosberg, C.W, Lovelock, L.K.A., Krumholz, L. and Buchnan-Smith, J.G. (1984). Protease activity of rumen protozoa. Journal of Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 47:101-110.
Fredrickson, E.L., Estell, R.E., Havstad, K.M., Shupe, W.L. and Murray, L.W. (1995). Potential toxicity and feed value of onions for sheep. Livestock Production Science, 42:45-54.
Hutchison, T.W.S. (1977). Onions as a cause of heinz body anaemia and death in cattle. Canadian Veterinary Journal, 18(12):358-360.
Jakubowski, H. (2003). On the health benefits of Allium sp. Journal of Nutrition, 19(2):167-168.
Jenkins, T.C., Wallace, R.J., Moate, P.J. and Mosley, E.E. (2008). Board-invited review: recent advances in biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids within the rumen microbial ecosystem. Journal of Animal Science, 86:397-412.
Jooste, A.M.  (2012).  Effect of diets differing in rumen soluble nitrogen on poor quality roughage utilization by sheep. M.Sc. Thesis.  University of Pretoria, South Africa.
Kennedy, P.M. and Milligan, L.P. (1978). Transfer of urea from the blood to the rumen of sheep. British journal of nutrition, 40(1):149-54.
Khalil, J., Sawaya, W.N. and Hyder, S.Z.  (1986). Nutrient composition of Atriplex leaves grown in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Range Management Archives, 39(2):104-107.
Klevenhusen, F., ZeitzaDuvalb., J.O., Kreuzera., S.M. and Solivaa, C.R. (2011). Garlic oil and its principal component di-allyl disulfide fail to mitigate methane, but improve digestibility in sheep. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 166:356–363.
Liu, L., and Yeh, Y.Y. (2002). S-alk(en)yl cysteines of garlic inhibit cholesterol synthesis by deactivating HMG-CoA reductase in cultured rat hepatocytes. Journal of Nutrition, 132:1129–1134.
Ma, T., Chen, D., Tu, Y., Zhang, N., Si, B., Deng, K. and Diao, Q. (2016). Effect of supplementation of allicin on methanogenesis and ruminal microbial flora in Dorper crossbred ewes. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 7:1-7.
Mabrouk, H.A., Eman, M.H., Zaki, M.A. (2011). Response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings to different replacement levels of fish meal with soybean meal using Garlic and Onion. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 37(2), 199-208.
NRC, 2007. Nutritional requirements of small ruminants. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
Ogimoto, K. and Imai, S. (1981) Atlas of Rumen Microbiology. Japan Scientific Press, Tokyo, Japan.
Pasinato, A., Sevilla, A.G. and Garcia, J. (1997). Dry matter and crude protein disappearance of onion, squash and alfalfa in the rumen. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 12:121-126.
Pierce, K.R., Joyce, J.R., England, R.B. and Jones, L.P. (1972). Acute hemolytic anemia caused by wild onion poisoning in horses. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 160(3):323-327.
Rae, H.A. (1999). Onion toxicities in a herd of beef cows. Canadian Veterinary Journal, 40(1):55-57.
Ribeiro, S.S., Vasconcelos, J.T., Morais, M.G., Itavo, C.B.C.F. and Franco, G.L. (2011). Effects of ruminal infusion of a slow-release polymer-coated urea or conventional urea on apparent nutrient digestibility, in situ degradability, and rumen parameters in cattle fed low quality hay. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 164:53–61.
Russell, J.B. and Rychlik, J.L. (2001). Factors that alter rumen microbial ecology. Journal of Dairy Science, 292:1119-1122.
SAS. (2005). SAS User’s Guide. Statistics. Version 9.1.3 Edition. SAS Inst., Inc., Cary NC.
Shaath, N.A. and Flores, F.B. (1998). Egyptian onion oil. Search Results Web results. Developments in Food Science. 40:443-53.
Staples, C.R., Garcia-Bojalil, C.M., Oldick, B.S., Thatcher, W.W. and Risco, C.A. (1993). Protein intake and reproductive performance of dairy cows: a review, a suggested mechanism, and blood and milk urea measurements. In: Proceedings of 4th Annu. Florida Ruminant Nutrition Symposium, University Florida, Gainesville. pp 37–51.
Stokes, S.R. and Hoover, W.H. (1991). Impact of carbohydrate and protein levels on bacterial metabolism in continuo se culture. Journal of Dairy Science, 74, 860-870.
Taylor, P.R., Parnes, H.L. and Lippman, S.M. (2004). Science peels the onion of selenium effects on prostate carcinogenesis (Review). Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 96(9):645-7.
Van Der Kolk, J.H. (2000). Onion poisoning in a herd of dairy cattle. Veterinary Record, 147(18):517-518.
Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B. and Lewis, B.A. (1994). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74:3583-359.
Wanapat, M., Kang, S., Khejornsart, P. and Wanapat, S. (2013). Effects of plant herb combination supplementation on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility in beef cattle. Asian-Australia Journal of Animal Science, 26(8):1127–1136.
Yamamoto, Y. and Oue, E. (2006). Antihypertensive effect of quercetin in rats fed with a high-fat high-sucrose diet. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 70:933–939.
Yeh, Y.Y., Lin, R.I., Yeh, S.M. and Evens, S. (1997). Food factors for cancer prevention, Tokyo: Springer-Verlag Publication. pp 226-230.
Research Journal of Livestock Science
Volume 34, Issue 132
December 2021
Pages 15-28
Files
Share
How to cite
Statistics