Animal and poultry nutrition
Halmat Assi Husain; Amirali Sadeghi; Ahmad Karimi
Abstract
In present study the effects of chicory, turmeric, artichoke and sage powder on yield, egg quality and fatty liver status in laying hens fed high energy and low protein diets. A total of 270 LSL laying hens at 80 weeks of age were randomly assigned to 5 treatments, 6 replications and 9 birds per replicate. ...
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In present study the effects of chicory, turmeric, artichoke and sage powder on yield, egg quality and fatty liver status in laying hens fed high energy and low protein diets. A total of 270 LSL laying hens at 80 weeks of age were randomly assigned to 5 treatments, 6 replications and 9 birds per replicate. Experimental treatments were included high energy (3000 kcal/kg) and low protein (13%) diet as control, and four diets containing 0.15% of chicory stem and root powder, turmeric rizhom powder, artichoke leaf powder or milk thistle powder. The results showed that treatments decresed feed intake and turmeric increased egg weight (P<0.05). Yolk color, white weight, and shell weight were affected (P<0.05) positively by medicinal plants. Diet containing turmeric significantly reduced blood glucose compared to control diet (P<0.05). The effect of treatments on biochemical and hematological parameters of blood was not significant (P>0.05). Abdominal fat weight was significantly lower in birds received milk thistle diet (P<0.05). The results showed that the medicinal plants used in the present study had no effect on bird’s performance however milk thistle powder by lowering the abdominal fat and with lower histological and hemoragic scores had more potential for improvement of fatty liver and more researches with higher level of milk thestle is needed.
setareh Abedi; Seyyed Javad Hosseini-vashan; Seyed Homayoun Farhangfar; seyyed ehsan ghiasi
Abstract
This study was done to investigate the effect of pomegranate peel extract on growth performance, blood biochemical indices, intestinal morphology and meat quality of broiler fed diet-contained soybean oil. 120 male broilers were used in the form of a completely randomized design with 3 treatments, 4 ...
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This study was done to investigate the effect of pomegranate peel extract on growth performance, blood biochemical indices, intestinal morphology and meat quality of broiler fed diet-contained soybean oil. 120 male broilers were used in the form of a completely randomized design with 3 treatments, 4 repetitions and 10 chicks. Experimental diets were three levels of zero, 300 and 600 mg/kg of pomegranate peel extract (PPE). Pomegranate peel extract had no effect on performance traits including feed intake, body weight and feed conversion ratio at starter and finisher phases, but in the grower period, the levels of 300 and 600 PPE reduced feed intake (from 928 to 777 g) and feed conversion ratio (from 1.77 to 1.31; P <0.05) compare to control. The breast percentage increased from 19.78 in control to 21.95 at the level of 600 PPE and the percentage of abdominal fat decreased from 1.93 in control to 1.27 at the level of 600 PPE (P <0.05). The PPE at levels of 600 reduced concentration of cholesterol (183.68 to 137.15 mg/dl) and LDL (95.63 to 32.93 mg/dl) and the enzyme activity of aspartate dehydrogenase (263.8 to 204.28) compare to control. The villus height (from 1026.88 to 1155.12) and the villus height to crypt depth ratio (5.04 to 5.6) were higher at the 600 PPE compared to the control. The concentration of Malondialdehyde in meat decreased at 15 and 30 days after slaughter with an increase in PPE compared to control.
Mahdi KazemiShorghin; Seyyed Javad Hosseini-vashan; M. Bashtani; Mohsen Mojtahedi
Abstract
This study was to investigate the effect of Portulaca oleracea L. extract(POE) on performance, carcass characteristics, immune response, blood indices and intestinal morphology in broilers under heat stress. 200 Ross 308 single-day-old chicks were used in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, ...
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This study was to investigate the effect of Portulaca oleracea L. extract(POE) on performance, carcass characteristics, immune response, blood indices and intestinal morphology in broilers under heat stress. 200 Ross 308 single-day-old chicks were used in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, 4 replications and 10 chicks. Experimental groups were: negative control (no heat stress), four groups under heat stress (positive control), 250, 500 and 750mg of POE per kg diet. Results showed that using POE increased feed intake and body weight compared to the control (P <0.05). Chicks fed POE had lower feed conversion ratio than positive control group (P<0.05). Addition of POE to broiler diet had no effect on relative weight of carcass components including breast, thigh, spleen, bile, pancreas and abdominal fat. The POE reduced the relative weight of heart and liver compared to the positive control and the relative weight of bursa was higher in the chicks fed the POE (P<0.05). The POE increased total antibody titer against sheep red blood cells. Using the POE in broiler diet had no effect on plasma concentration albumin and protein, but the lowest concentration of cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and highest HDL were observed broilers fed 750 POE. The activity of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase enzymes decreased during heat stress compared to negative control. POE increased villus height and absorption area compared to control(P<0.05). It is concluded that using POE reduced plasma concentration of cholesterol, LDL, and plasma MDA in broilers under heat stress.
Amir Javadifar; Seyyed Javad Hosseini-vashan; Mohammad Bagher Montazer Torbati; Yasaman Shamshirgran
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of different levels of iron nano-oxide(INO) on performance, egg quality parameters and the antioxidant status of laying hens, 96 Bovens layer hens at the production peak(28 weeks) were used. The experiment done for 8 weeks in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments, ...
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In order to investigate the effects of different levels of iron nano-oxide(INO) on performance, egg quality parameters and the antioxidant status of laying hens, 96 Bovens layer hens at the production peak(28 weeks) were used. The experiment done for 8 weeks in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments, 4 replicates and 8 birds in each replicate. Hens were fed with experimental diets containing 0, 50 and 100 mg iron nanooxide/kg of diet. The performance indices included egg production, egg weight, egg mass, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were daily recorded. The qualitative parameters included yolk color index, egg shape, yolk height index, Haugh unit, Eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, Specific gravity and relative weight of albumen, yolk and eggshell were determined at the end of each period(28 days). At the end of experiment, two birds per replicate were bleed and the blood biochemical parameters were studied.The results were revealed that the iron nano-oxide had no effect on performance indices. Total protein and enzyme activity of alanine aminotransferase were not affected by dietary INO.Dietary supplementation of INO decreased the serum concentration of cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL, and increased serum concentration of HDL, iron, zinc. The antibody titer against Newcastle disease were increased with increasing the levels of dietary INO. The yolk and serum concentration of MDA was increased by the addition of iron nanoparticles. Therefore, the addition of iron oxide supplementation can improve performance indices, some qualitative characteristics of egg and immune response and decrease serum lipid in laying hens.
M. Eftekhari; abolfazl zali; amir akbari; mahdi ganjkhanlou; ali hatefi
Abstract
In order to study the effect of Cu supplement on performance of Mahabadi kids, fourteen castrated Mahabadi male kids with average weight of 21±2 Kg were used in this experiment as a completely random design with 2 treatments and 7 replications (7 kids in each treatments). Treatments included control ...
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In order to study the effect of Cu supplement on performance of Mahabadi kids, fourteen castrated Mahabadi male kids with average weight of 21±2 Kg were used in this experiment as a completely random design with 2 treatments and 7 replications (7 kids in each treatments). Treatments included control (without Cu supplement) and Cu treatment (100 mg Cu supplement/d). The kids were fed two times daily (h 6:00 and 18) during 90 days by a diet contained 70% concentrate and 30% forage. Cu supplement was fed as top dress in Cu treatment. Daily feed intake and Body weight were recorded daily and every 2 weeks respectively. Determination of Blood parameters were done by bleeding in day 90 of trial and nutrient digestibility were done by feacal sampling during days 85-90. At the end of trial the kids were slaughtered and carcass parameters and carcass tissue components were determined. The results showed the use of copper supplement at high levels in diets of Mahabadi kids hadn’t significant effect on average daily gain (P> 0.05). Apparent nutrient digestibility and blood metabolite concentration including triglycerides, cholesterol and glucose were not affected by Cu supplement (P> 0.05). Based on the current experiment results, the use of Cu supplement in the ration of castrated Mahabadi male kids (100 mg Cu supplement/d) had no negative effect on performance and carcass characteristics of Mahabadi male kids and they were capable to endure this level in the ration.
Hadi Faraji- Arough; Mohammad Rokouei; Ali Maghsoudi
Abstract
Many of blood serum biochemical parameters are associated with resistance to disease, meat quality and performance traits, and can be useful in determining animal health status. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of strain and sex on growth traits and blood serum biochemical parameters ...
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Many of blood serum biochemical parameters are associated with resistance to disease, meat quality and performance traits, and can be useful in determining animal health status. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of strain and sex on growth traits and blood serum biochemical parameters of quail. For this purpose, a number of one-day-old chicks from each quail strain (125 Wild, 159 Italian speckled, 58 Scarlet, 56 Tuxedo, 81 English white, 92 A and M Texas and 57 White Button), were used. The chicks were weighed weekly until 42 day of age. At 35 day of age, 10 birds (5 male and 5 female) were slaughtered from each strain, and their blood serum was separated. The evaluation of blood serum biochemical parameters including total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, uric acid, calcium, phosphorus, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes parameters was conducted using autoanalyzer apparatus. The growth traits and blood serum biochemical parameters data were analyzed and compared with R comuter software among strains and sex levels. The effect of sex on body weight at 42 day of age, body weight gain in sixth weeks, calcium, globulin and AST enzyme was significant and strain had a significant effect on all growth traits, cholesterol, triglyceride and phosphorus (P <0.05). All growth traits and blood serum biochemical parameters (with the exception of uric acid and AST enzyme concentrations) were higher in female quails than those of males.
mohsen rajabzadeh nesvan; Behrouz Dastar; Taghi Ghoorchi; omid Ashayerizadeh; morteza khomiri
Abstract
In order to compare the effect of adding tomato pomace on broiler diets, two types of crude and fermented tomato pomace each in four levels (5, 10, 15 and 20%) as factorial arrangement 2 × 4 in a completely randomized design and a control treatment with 9 experimental treatments and 3 replications, ...
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In order to compare the effect of adding tomato pomace on broiler diets, two types of crude and fermented tomato pomace each in four levels (5, 10, 15 and 20%) as factorial arrangement 2 × 4 in a completely randomized design and a control treatment with 9 experimental treatments and 3 replications, and their effects on performance, blood parameters and morphology of ileum in broiler chicken were investigated. The results showed that feeding broiler chickens with fermented tomato pomace improved weight gain compared to raw tomato pomace and control (P<0.05). Consumption of chicken fed with fermented tomato pomace had no significant difference with raw tomato pomace. But feed conversion ratio of chickens fed with fermented tomato pomace was better (P<0.05). The highest weight gain and feed intake was observed in 15% of fermented tomato pomace (P<0.05). Feeding broiler chickens with fermented tomato pomace significantly reduced cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein and increased high density lipoprotein (P<0.05). The villus height:crypt depth ratio and villus height in the ileum was higher in chicken fed with fermented tomato pomace than raw tomato pomace and control treatment (P<0.05). The use of fermented tomato pomace reduced cholesterol, improved the performance and health of broiler chicks than raw tomato pomace, so it is possible to use it up to 15% levels in the diet of broiler chickens.
T. Ghaznavi; Seyyed Javad Hosseini-vashan; N. Afzali; S. E. Ghiasi
Abstract
The aim of this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of processed pomegranate pulp with Hydroxide Calcium on performance egg quality and cholesterol, blood biochemical parameters and antioxidant status of laying hens in peak production of laying hens. A total 200 Hy-Line W-36 at peak production ...
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The aim of this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of processed pomegranate pulp with Hydroxide Calcium on performance egg quality and cholesterol, blood biochemical parameters and antioxidant status of laying hens in peak production of laying hens. A total 200 Hy-Line W-36 at peak production with 32 weeks. The dietary treatments were included the levels of 0, 4, 7 and 10 % of processed pomegranate pulp with Hydroxide Calcium. The performance data including egg percentage, feed intake, egg mass, and FCR were weekly recorded. The results were revealed that processed pomegranate pulp with Hydroxide Calcium(PPP) improved the egg percentage, feed intake, egg mass, and FCR. The egg quality parameters did not affected by dietary treatments with exception that Haugh unit increased in birds received the processed pomegranate pulp. The eggshell parameters involved eggshell weight and specific gravity had no affected by dietary treatments. The eggshell thickness and eggshell resistance was increased when hens fed diets contained PPP. The PPP diets decreased the egg cholesterol and blood cholesterol. The concentration of malondialdehyde decreased with enhancement of the levels PPP in diets. It is concluded that addition of pomegranate pulp with Hydroxide Calcium may be improved the performance, egg quality, and antioxidant status and cholesterol of laying hens.
akram shabani; F. Boldaji; B. Dastar; T. Ghorchi; S. Zerehdaran
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of fermented fish waste in feeding broiler chickens on gastrointestinal microbial population and blood parameters. Fish waste per Kg was fermented with 15% molasses and 5% starter culture (containing Lactobacillus plantarum and Aspergillus oryzae). After ...
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This experiment was conducted to study the effect of fermented fish waste in feeding broiler chickens on gastrointestinal microbial population and blood parameters. Fish waste per Kg was fermented with 15% molasses and 5% starter culture (containing Lactobacillus plantarum and Aspergillus oryzae). After the 15 days of fermentation, the amounts of pH and lactic acid bacteria population (log10 CFU/g) in fish waste were changed from 6.12 and 6.99 to 3.91 and 11.88 in fermented fish waste, respectively. A total of 240 male Cobb 500 broilers were allocated into 5 treatments with 4 replicates of 12 chickens each using a completely randomized design. Experimental treatments contained 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12% fermented fish waste replaced by soybean meal in diets. Results showed that replacement of different levels of fermented fish waste with soybean meal in broiler’s diets decreased pH in crop and ileum compared to the control group. Feeding fish waste fermentation in ages of 11-22 and 23-42 days resulted to increase lactic acid bacteria population in crop and decrease coliforms population in ileum of broilers (P<0.05). At age of 23-42 days, the serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL and LDL significantly decreased in treatments containing fermented fish waste compared to the control treatment (P<0.05). Therefore, replacing a part of soybean meal with fermented fish waste in the diet causes ensure hygiene and public health of broiler chickens by improving balance of gastrointestinal microbial population and reducing serum cholesterol.
Kazem Alijanzadeh Firouzi; Mir Daryoush Shakouri
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of Primalac probiotic and Fermacto prebiotic, alone or combined, on growth performance, ileal nutrients digestibility, intestinal mucosal morphometry and some blood biochemical parameters, a trial was conducted using 256 broiler chicks (Ross 308) by employing a completely randomized ...
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To evaluate the effects of Primalac probiotic and Fermacto prebiotic, alone or combined, on growth performance, ileal nutrients digestibility, intestinal mucosal morphometry and some blood biochemical parameters, a trial was conducted using 256 broiler chicks (Ross 308) by employing a completely randomized design. Four treatments including Avilamycin antibiotic (control), Perimalac, Fermacto and Perimalac plus Fermacto with four replicates were added to the basal diets and fed to birds for a period of 42 days. Primalac and Fermacto decreased feed intake (P<0.01) and lowered weight gain of the chickens (P<0.001). Feed conversion ratio was depressed by Perimalac containing diets as compared to the control (P<0.05). pH value of gizzard and cecal digesta was not affected by the treatments. Ileal digestibility of energy was decreased by the experimental treatments (P<0.05). Decreased villus height as the effect of Perimalac and Fermacto and increased crypt depeth as the effect of all treatments were observed (P<0.01). Applying Primalac, Fermacto and their combination in the diet declined total and LDL-cholesterol levels (P<0.001) while these two additives alone enhanced HDL-cholesterol levels of broilers sera (P<0.05). In overall, using Primalac and Fermacto alone or combined, except lowering effect on serum cholesterol, failed to show any similar effects as Avilamycin on broilers performance. In conclusion, Primalac and Fermacto could not be replaced for the growth promoter antibiotic. Moreover, no synbiotic characteristic was observed between Perimalac and Fermacto.
S. varmaghany; H. Jafari; Gh. Maghsoudinejad
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with medicinal plant of Prosopis farcta on growth performance, carcass traits and serum biochemistry in broiler chickens. A total number of 288 day old broilers (Ross 308, mixed male and female) were randomly allocated to ...
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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with medicinal plant of Prosopis farcta on growth performance, carcass traits and serum biochemistry in broiler chickens. A total number of 288 day old broilers (Ross 308, mixed male and female) were randomly allocated to three treatments with four replicates and 24 birds in each replicate in a completely randomized design. The period of study was 49 day. The dietary treatments were consisted of the basal diet as control group, and two groups with whole plant powder of Prosopis farcta supplemented at 1 and 2 percent in diet. The results of this experiment indicated that, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly different between treatments (P<0.01) and the highest feed conversion ratio was related to treatment contained 2 percent Prosopis farcat powder (P<0.01). Treatments had no effect on feed intake. There were significant effect of Prosopis farcta on mortality (P<0.05). Treatments of 1 and 2 percent prosopis farcta were reduced total cholesterol and cholesterol-LDL. The results of this experiment showed that use of 1 percent of whole medicinal plant Prosopis farcta in broiler chickens diet not only has no effect on performance but also could be reduced cholesterol, cholesterol-LDL and mortality.
Z. Kohneshin; A. Kiani; A. Azarfar; H. Khosravinia
Abstract
De-oiled Savory (DOS) is a byproduct of savory (Satureja khuzestanica) that contains essential oils mainly tymol and carvacrol (about 600 mg.kg-1). In the present experiment, the effects of DOS on blood lipoproteins, cholesterol, triglycerids (TG) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in fattening Farahani ...
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De-oiled Savory (DOS) is a byproduct of savory (Satureja khuzestanica) that contains essential oils mainly tymol and carvacrol (about 600 mg.kg-1). In the present experiment, the effects of DOS on blood lipoproteins, cholesterol, triglycerids (TG) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in fattening Farahani lambs was investigated. In a completely randomized design, thirty lambs (33.6±1.4 kg) were individually fed with total mixed rations (80% concentrate and 20% forage) in which forage part of diet were consisted of 0 (control), 25 (25DOS), 50 (50DOS), 75 (75DOS), 100 (100DOS) % dried de-oiled Savory. Daily feed intakes, weekly weight gain and overall feed conversion ratio were determined. At the end of fattening period, blood samples were taken at two hours before and two hours after morning feeding time and analyzed for very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), cholesterol, TG and NEFA. Results showed that 50DOS significantly increased VLDL in comparison with control VLDL (P<0.05). LDL and HDL were not affected by DOS. Blood TG concentration in 50DOS was significantly higher than that in control and other DOS treats (P<0.05). Lambs in DOS treats and control had similar cholesterol and NEFA. In conclusion, using dried de-oiled savory increased VLDL and TG concentration presumably increasing TG intestinal absorption in fattening Farahani lambs.
