Animal and poultry management
nader papi; H. Sadeghi panah; Mohamad Babaei
Abstract
This study was aimed to optimize the suitable slaughter weight of Afshari fattening male lambs by using the feed conversion ratio curve and carcass tissue composition. Thirty-two Afshari male lambs, averaging 105±15.0 (SD) days of age and initial body weight of 30.2±3.6 (SD) kg, from the ...
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This study was aimed to optimize the suitable slaughter weight of Afshari fattening male lambs by using the feed conversion ratio curve and carcass tissue composition. Thirty-two Afshari male lambs, averaging 105±15.0 (SD) days of age and initial body weight of 30.2±3.6 (SD) kg, from the commercial herd in the Animal Science Research Institute of Iran were used. Metabolizable energy (ME) contents were, 2.79, 2.78, 2.72 and 2.69 Mcal/kg dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) contents were 146, 128, 109, and 103 g/kg for the 1, 2, 3, and 4 diets, respectively. The results showed, DMI and feed conversion ratio (FCR) had an increasing trend, with the increasing length of fattening period. The daily weight gains, had an upward trend from the beginning of the experiment to the 56th day, and then it decreased with a relatively small slope. Dressing percentage increased, with increasing length of the trail, so that it was significantly higher in the last stage of slaughter (55.3%) than the previous (52%). Weight percent of digestive tract (stomach and intestine), liver and, lung decreased but weight percent of internal fat increased, with a significantly difference, when experimental period increased. The highest percent of fat-tail weight, was observed in the last stage of slaughter (19.8) and the lowest was observed in the first stage of slaughter (14.2). Back fat thickness increased with increasing length of the experiment, so that a significant difference observed between the last stage of slaughter and the previous stages.
setareh Abedi; Seyyed Javad Hosseini-vashan; Seyed Homayoun Farhangfar; seyyed ehsan ghiasi
Abstract
This study was done to investigate the effect of pomegranate peel extract on growth performance, blood biochemical indices, intestinal morphology and meat quality of broiler fed diet-contained soybean oil. 120 male broilers were used in the form of a completely randomized design with 3 treatments, 4 ...
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This study was done to investigate the effect of pomegranate peel extract on growth performance, blood biochemical indices, intestinal morphology and meat quality of broiler fed diet-contained soybean oil. 120 male broilers were used in the form of a completely randomized design with 3 treatments, 4 repetitions and 10 chicks. Experimental diets were three levels of zero, 300 and 600 mg/kg of pomegranate peel extract (PPE). Pomegranate peel extract had no effect on performance traits including feed intake, body weight and feed conversion ratio at starter and finisher phases, but in the grower period, the levels of 300 and 600 PPE reduced feed intake (from 928 to 777 g) and feed conversion ratio (from 1.77 to 1.31; P <0.05) compare to control. The breast percentage increased from 19.78 in control to 21.95 at the level of 600 PPE and the percentage of abdominal fat decreased from 1.93 in control to 1.27 at the level of 600 PPE (P <0.05). The PPE at levels of 600 reduced concentration of cholesterol (183.68 to 137.15 mg/dl) and LDL (95.63 to 32.93 mg/dl) and the enzyme activity of aspartate dehydrogenase (263.8 to 204.28) compare to control. The villus height (from 1026.88 to 1155.12) and the villus height to crypt depth ratio (5.04 to 5.6) were higher at the 600 PPE compared to the control. The concentration of Malondialdehyde in meat decreased at 15 and 30 days after slaughter with an increase in PPE compared to control.
Mahdi KazemiShorghin; Seyyed Javad Hosseini-vashan; M. Bashtani; Mohsen Mojtahedi
Abstract
This study was to investigate the effect of Portulaca oleracea L. extract(POE) on performance, carcass characteristics, immune response, blood indices and intestinal morphology in broilers under heat stress. 200 Ross 308 single-day-old chicks were used in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, ...
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This study was to investigate the effect of Portulaca oleracea L. extract(POE) on performance, carcass characteristics, immune response, blood indices and intestinal morphology in broilers under heat stress. 200 Ross 308 single-day-old chicks were used in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, 4 replications and 10 chicks. Experimental groups were: negative control (no heat stress), four groups under heat stress (positive control), 250, 500 and 750mg of POE per kg diet. Results showed that using POE increased feed intake and body weight compared to the control (P <0.05). Chicks fed POE had lower feed conversion ratio than positive control group (P<0.05). Addition of POE to broiler diet had no effect on relative weight of carcass components including breast, thigh, spleen, bile, pancreas and abdominal fat. The POE reduced the relative weight of heart and liver compared to the positive control and the relative weight of bursa was higher in the chicks fed the POE (P<0.05). The POE increased total antibody titer against sheep red blood cells. Using the POE in broiler diet had no effect on plasma concentration albumin and protein, but the lowest concentration of cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and highest HDL were observed broilers fed 750 POE. The activity of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase enzymes decreased during heat stress compared to negative control. POE increased villus height and absorption area compared to control(P<0.05). It is concluded that using POE reduced plasma concentration of cholesterol, LDL, and plasma MDA in broilers under heat stress.
Hadis Heydari; A. Khatibjoo; Farshid Fatahnia; mohammad akbari gharaei; Hassan Shirzadi
Abstract
In this experiment compared the effects of L-Lysine-hydrochloride (Lys-HCl) and Biolys Sulfate (BioLys) on broiler chickens performance, carcass parameters and meat quality. In a completely randomized design, 200 Ross-308 broiler chickens were allocated to 5 dietary treatments with 5 replicates and 8 ...
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In this experiment compared the effects of L-Lysine-hydrochloride (Lys-HCl) and Biolys Sulfate (BioLys) on broiler chickens performance, carcass parameters and meat quality. In a completely randomized design, 200 Ross-308 broiler chickens were allocated to 5 dietary treatments with 5 replicates and 8 birds in each. Supplementary lysine was obtained from Lys-HCl and Biolys. Dietary treatments including: 1- 100% from Lys-HCl (control or basal diet), 2- 75% from Lys-HCl and 25% from BioLys, 3- 50% from Lys-HCl and 50% from BioLys, 4- 25% from Lys-HCl and 75% from BioLys and 5- 100% from BioLys. The results showed that from 1-42d, broiler chickens fed the 100-diet had higher feed intake and body weight gain as compared to control group (P < 0.05). Dietary treatments had no significant effect on carcass parameters and breast and thigh meat dry matter and crude fat percentages (P > 0.05). Breast meat drip loss of broiler chickens fed diets containing 25, 50 and 75 percentage BioLys was lower than that of control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, BioLys compared to Lys-HCl had better effect on broiler chickens performance and meat quality but carcass parameters did not affect by dietary treatments. With regard to the results of the current experiment and cheaper price, BioLys (with 50 or 100 percent substitution level) can be use as better and economic source of Lys in broiler chickens diet.
morteza behroozlak; mohsen daneshyar; Roghaye pourbayramian; Vahid Vahedi
Abstract
This experiment was performed to evaluate the different ratios of organic and inorganic Iodine (0:100, 25:100, 50:50, 75:25, 100:0) on the performance, blood parameters and serum thyroid hormones in broiler chickens in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments were tested in 5 replicate pens. ...
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This experiment was performed to evaluate the different ratios of organic and inorganic Iodine (0:100, 25:100, 50:50, 75:25, 100:0) on the performance, blood parameters and serum thyroid hormones in broiler chickens in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments were tested in 5 replicate pens. The results showed that there was no significant difference between treatments in weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. The highest concentrations of T3, TSH and TRH were detected in 75% organic Iodine treatment (p < 0.05). The diet contained 100% organic Iodine was highest concentrations of tetraiodothyronine (T4) among treatments (p < 0.05). In blood serum, chicks fed with a diet containing 75% organic Iodine treatment were found to have the highest levels of glucose, total protein, nitrogen urea and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase enzymes (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the concentration of creatinine and uric acid blood. Generally, according to the results of this experiment, the replacement of mineral supplement with organic supplementation of iodine without negative effects, affected on blood parameters and concentration of thyroid hormones, so that the highest concentration in treatment of 75%organic iodine + 25% inorganic iodide was observed.
Arash Hassanzadeh seyedi; Hossein Janmohammad; seyed ali Mirghelenj; majeed Geshlag
Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to determine the digestible valine requirement of male Ross 308 broiler chicks in grower period. To evaluate valine requirement of male broiler chicks based on growth performance, a total of 450one day old male broiler chicks from8 to 21days of age, ...
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The aim of this experiment was to determine the digestible valine requirement of male Ross 308 broiler chicks in grower period. To evaluate valine requirement of male broiler chicks based on growth performance, a total of 450one day old male broiler chicks from8 to 21days of age, was assigned to 6 treatments with 5 replicate using a completely randomized design. Dietary valine was supplied in 6 levels from 0.74, 0.79, 0.84, 0.89, 0.94 and 0.99for the experimental period. Results of this study showed that the quadratic broken line model were used for determine of digestible valine requirement for Ross 308 male broiler chicks is the well fitted base on weight gain, feed conversion ratio and breast weight and Evaluated digestible valine content for these three performance parameters were 0.93, 0.91 and 0.84 % of diet (Val/lys were 88, 86 and 79%), respectively. The result of this experiment showed that the all performance parameters and cell modified immune response were significantly affected by the valine supplementation in diet (P< 0.01). The broiler chickens fed with 0.89 % of digestible valine level had the highest cell modified immune response (1.13±0.05 mm) and the lowest feed conversion ratio (1.42±0.02) (P<0.01), and also The broiler chickens fed with 0.74 % of digestible valine level had the lowest cell modified immune response (0.44±0.03 mm) and the highest feed conversion ratio (1.60±0.06).
Mohammad Nasehi; Nor Mohammad Torbatinejad; Morteza Rezaee; Taghi Ghoorchi
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of green tea waste (GTW) on gain performance, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in feedlot lambs. For this purpose, four experimental treatments with 0, 2, 4 and 6 percent of dry matter GTW were used. The amount of final ...
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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of green tea waste (GTW) on gain performance, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in feedlot lambs. For this purpose, four experimental treatments with 0, 2, 4 and 6 percent of dry matter GTW were used. The amount of final body weight, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significant among treatments with 2, 4 and 6% GTW (P<0.05) but there was no significant difference between treatment with 2% GTW and control in relation to performance. Treatment contain 2% GTW had the highest value of CP digestibility among the treatments (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in DM and OM digestibility of 2% GTW treatment and control group, but they were significantly more than other treatments (P<0.05). Nitrogen retention of 2% GTW treatment was not significantly different from control treatment, but it was significantly more than other treatments (P< 0.05). The amount of ammonia nitrogen of rumen liquor was significantly lesser in GTW treatments than control (P<0.05). The concentration of blood urea nitrogen was significantly lesser in GTW treatments than control (P<0.05). According to the results, using GTW in 2% level (DM) of lamb’s feedlot diet improved performance because of better digestibility and nitrogen balance.
A. Babamzadeh Aghdam; M. daneshyar; Sh. Ghazi Harsini
Abstract
Using the high dietary fat under heat stress increase the L carnitine needs for long chain fatty acid transfer from cytosol to mitochondria for beta-oxidation. The aim of current study was to reveal the effects of different levels of L-carntine on liver enzyme activities, antioxidant status, blood electrolyte ...
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Using the high dietary fat under heat stress increase the L carnitine needs for long chain fatty acid transfer from cytosol to mitochondria for beta-oxidation. The aim of current study was to reveal the effects of different levels of L-carntine on liver enzyme activities, antioxidant status, blood electrolyte contents, intestinal characteristics, meat nutrient composition and meat color of broiler chickens in heat stress condition. Two hundred one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and five replicate pens each (10 birds in each pen). Experimental treatments were the basal diet (control treatment) and the basal diet supplemented with different levels of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg L-carnitine. The experimental diets were used during the finisher period (day 25 to day 42 of age) and under heat stress (32±1ºC as cyclic from 8 AM to 5 PM). The results showed that the chickens fed the 300 mg/kg of L-carnitine, had the greater weight gain in compassion to those on the control and the lower levels of L-carnitine during the finisher period (P<0.05). Furthermore, the feed conversion ratio had a trend (P=0.05) and numerically was lower in chickens fed the high levels of L-carnitine (200 and 300 mg) than that of chickens on control diet. The consumption of 300 mg/kg L-carnitine caused the increased the blood uric acid (P>0.05). Supplementation of L-carnitine had did not change the blood electrolytes, carcass and intestinal characteristics, thigh meat nutrients (acidity, ash, protein, moisture and fat) and meat color indices of the chickens. Totally, the consumption of 300 mg/kg L-carnitine improves the performance and increases the blood uric acid of broiler chickens under heat stress.
