Animal and poultry management
Pirouz Shakeri; nader asadzadeh; Sayyed Mahmoud Nasrollahi; Mahdi Nikbakhti; Amirali Shakeri
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare feedlot performance between crossbred male Simmental×Holstein (S×H) and purebred Holstein (H) calves over a 6-month in hot and humid conditions of Iran. For this purpose, 17 male calves (181.4±42.30 kg BW) including 10 H and 7 S×H male ...
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The objective of this study was to compare feedlot performance between crossbred male Simmental×Holstein (S×H) and purebred Holstein (H) calves over a 6-month in hot and humid conditions of Iran. For this purpose, 17 male calves (181.4±42.30 kg BW) including 10 H and 7 S×H male were assigned to one of the two treatments in the national research and development cattle station of Gawdasht in the suburbs of Babol. The calves were kept individually in the cages (3×3 m) and were fed two times daily in equal portions at 8:00 and 16:00 with total mixed ration. The results showed that in the 6-month fattening period, there was no difference in the average dry matter intake of S×H calves and H calves, however, the average daily gain of S×H calves was 1.508 kg/d and higher (P=0.02) than H calves (1.190 kg/d). Feed conversion ratio in S×H calves (6.25) was better (P=0.02) than H calves (7.73). All of measured nutrients digestibility were higher in H calves than S×H calves (P=0.02). Also, there was no difference in the concentration of blood parameters of urea, urea nitrogen, triglyceride, total protein and serum albumin between S×H and H calves. It was concluded that in a fattening period of 6 months, S×H calves had 26.7% more weight gain, and 19.2% better feed conversion ratio compared to H calves with the same feed intake. Therefore, cross-breeding can be a successful strategy to improve beef production via produce commercial calves.
Animal and poultry physiology
Mahmood Sahraei; nader asadzadeh
Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve the reproductive function of Moghani ewes in pasture conditions by using PMSG and GnRH following estrus synchronization. In experiment 1, at least 160 ewes were selected to perform the first step in the beginning of May. In this flock, four groups including control ...
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The aim of this study was to improve the reproductive function of Moghani ewes in pasture conditions by using PMSG and GnRH following estrus synchronization. In experiment 1, at least 160 ewes were selected to perform the first step in the beginning of May. In this flock, four groups including control group (first), synchronization with progesterone sponge (second), synchronization with progesterone sponge plus injection of 400 IU PMSG on the day of sponge removal (thrid) and synchronization with progesterone sponge plus injection of 400 IU PMSG on the day of sponge removal and injection of 2 ml and Vitarolin (GnRH source) 50 hours after sponge removal(fourth). In the experiment 2, born lambs were fed by concentrate with 17.5% crude protein and 2.75 Mcal / kg metabolizable energy per kg of diet during suckling period for 90 days. The lowest lamb weight efficiency was obtained in the non-synchronized and hormone-treated (control) and progesterone-synchronized groups and the highest in the synchronized group plus the injection of 400 IU PMSG and 2 ml Vitarolin (P<0.05). The lowest yield of lamb birth weight was obtained in the first and second groups and the highest in the third group (P<0.05). In terms of weaning weight efficiency of lambs, the lowest amount was observed in the first and second groups and the highest in the third and fourth groups (P<0.05). In general, compared to the control treatment (first group), 60% more income was earned by the herdsman in the fourth group.
Animal and poultry physiology
Reza Masoudi; fatemeh zarei; nader asadzadeh; shahrouz khorrami
Abstract
The current study was aimed to assess the influence of adding different concentrations of CoQ10 on the freezability of buck sperm. For this purpose, five adult Saanen bucks were used. After semen collection by using an artificial vagina and primary evaluation, semen samples were diluted with tris extender ...
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The current study was aimed to assess the influence of adding different concentrations of CoQ10 on the freezability of buck sperm. For this purpose, five adult Saanen bucks were used. After semen collection by using an artificial vagina and primary evaluation, semen samples were diluted with tris extender supplemented with different CoQ10 (0, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 μM) concentraitons and were frozen. Motility, membrane integrity, morphology, mitochondria activity, acrosome integrity, viability and Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were evaluated after thawing. The results showed that using 10 and 100 μM concentrations of CoQ10 had the highest and lowest effect on the preservation of sperm qualitative parameters during the freezing process, respectively. In this way the highest percentages of total motility, progressive motility, membrane integrity, mitochondria activity, acrosome integrity and viability and lowest MDA concentration as a marker of lipid peroxidation were observed in extenders containing 10 μM CoQ10. Therefore, supplementation of freezing medium with CoQ10 could be an efficient method to preserve the quality of buck's semen.
Animal and poultry nutrition
Mahmood Sahraei; nader asadzadeh; akbar abarghani
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of human resource training on improving production index of broiler farms in Ardabil province. Initially, out of 418 active broiler farms, the status of 50 farms was examined at the provincial level. The production units were divided into the following groups ...
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This study aimed to investigate the effects of human resource training on improving production index of broiler farms in Ardabil province. Initially, out of 418 active broiler farms, the status of 50 farms was examined at the provincial level. The production units were divided into the following groups based on production index and using cluster analysis: group 1 (production index equivalent to 250), group 2 (production index less than 250 and greater than 200), group 3 (production index less than 275 and greater than 250), group 4 (production index less than 300 and greater than 275), and group 5 (production index greater than 300). Subsequently, these groups were trained in both face-to-face and non-face-to-face formats during the production period. In this process, factors affecting production index were also evaluated, and existing issues were examined in each trained farm. Finally, the obtained data were compared with the current conditions using paired t-test. The results of this study indicated that in groups with production index less than 250, training significantly increased feed conversion ratio by 7% and production index by 14% (p<0.05). However, in the group with a production index above 300, a less significant impact was observed on slaughter weight and production index (p<0.05). Overall, human resource training had a greater effectiveness in improving production index in low-performing units.
Animal and poultry nutrition
Mahmood Sahraei; nader asadzadeh; Akbar Yaghobfar
Abstract
This experiment was performed to evaluation treated wheat screening waste in diet of broiler chickens. A total of 432 broilers (Ross 308) were used in completely randomized design for 9 treatments with 4 replicates of 12 chicks per replicate for 42 days. Treatments included 1) corn and soybean meal 2) ...
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This experiment was performed to evaluation treated wheat screening waste in diet of broiler chickens. A total of 432 broilers (Ross 308) were used in completely randomized design for 9 treatments with 4 replicates of 12 chicks per replicate for 42 days. Treatments included 1) corn and soybean meal 2) corn and soybean meal in which 15% corn was replaced with wheat screening 3) corn and soybean meal in which 30% corn with substituted by wheat screening 4) diet 2 Natuzyme plus500 g /tone of diet 5) diet 3 + Natuzyme plus diet 500 g / tone of diet 6) diet 2 + protxin 150 g / ton of diet 7) diet 3 + protxin 150 g / tone of diet 8 ) diet 2+ 75 g protxin + 250g Natuzyme plus /ton of diet 9) diet 3+ 75 g protxin + 250g Natuzyme plus /ton of diet. In terms of production efficiency index, the highest levels was observed in control and in the diet containing 15% wheat screening with and without enzyme, probiotic and enzyme + probiotic (P<0.05). The highest villi length was observed in the treatments receiving 15% wheat screening wastes + multi-enzyme + probiotic supplement )P<0.05). In conclusion, the results of this experiment showed that, corn of diet replaced by 15% of wheat screening pluse 250 g of enzyme + 75 g probiotic per ton of diet can be used in broiler diets without any adverse effects on performance, production index and nutrient digestibility
Mahdi Khojastehkey; majid kalantar; mohammad Yeganeparast; nader asadzadeh; Normohammad Souri
Abstract
In the management of camel breeding, weightlifting plays a decisive role in grouping livestock, regulating nutritional needs and also annual evaluation of animals. Due to the many difficulties and risks, camel owners usually prefer alternative methods such as using apparent estimates or weight -meter ...
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In the management of camel breeding, weightlifting plays a decisive role in grouping livestock, regulating nutritional needs and also annual evaluation of animals. Due to the many difficulties and risks, camel owners usually prefer alternative methods such as using apparent estimates or weight -meter to estimate the weight of camels. Since the accuracy of mathematical models in estimating the weight of camels is not equal, so the present research was conducted to compare the accuracy of estimating artificial neural network and multiple linear regression model in estimating the weight of dromedary camels from their body dimensions. For this purpose, 26 camels with 203 records were used from a private farm for one year. Weighing and determining the body dimensions of camels (body length, shoulder height, back height, hump height to the ground, chest and abdomen girth) were measured monthly. To estimate the weight of camels from their body dimensions, the data were analyzed using multiple linear regression model and artificial neural network. The weight of camels on their body dimensions was estimated with accuracy of 0.94 and 0.99, respectively, using multivariate linear regression model and artificial neural network model. The weight of camels on their body dimensions was estimated with accuracy of 0.94 and 0.99, respectively, using multivariate linear regression model and artificial neural network model. The results of this research showed that the artificial neural network has the proper ability to estimate the weight of camels based on their body dimensions and can replace conventional regression methods.
M. Khojastekey; mortaza keykhasaber; S. Esmaeil khanian; N. Asadzadeh; M. H. Banabazi; E. Nakhzari
Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the possibility of using visual machine technology in measuring the body dimensions of Sistani cows. For this purpose, the record of body dimensions including length, shoulder height, hip height and chest circumference of 179 heads of livestock in Zahak Sistani ...
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This research was conducted to investigate the possibility of using visual machine technology in measuring the body dimensions of Sistani cows. For this purpose, the record of body dimensions including length, shoulder height, hip height and chest circumference of 179 heads of livestock in Zahak Sistani cow breeding station, were measured at different time points, using a tape meter. At recording time, digital images were taken using the canon camera from the lateral view of cattle from distance of 2 meters. Digital image processing and feature extraction were performed using Graphical Unit Interference of MATLAB software. The feature of digital images as input and different body dimensions of cows as output of Artificial Neural Network(ANN) were used in the training and modeling phase. The results showed that, out of 22 features extracted from the images of Sistani cows, the 15 effective features, such as Equivalent Diameter, Major Axis Length, Minor Axis Length, Bounding Box, Convex Area, Filled Area, Area, Perimeter, and the number of white pixels of image (NNZ) had a significant correlation with the body dimensions of the Sistani cow(p<0.01). Body dimensions of Sistani cows including body length, shoulder height, hip height, and chest girths were estimated with accuracy of 0.98, 0.97, 0.97and 0.98%, by the ANNs model, respectively. The results of the present research showed that Artificial Intelligence Technology can act as a suitable alternative to biometric evaluation of Sistani cows and save time and relevant costs.
majid kalantar; Mahdi Khojastehkey; nader asadzadeh; Mohammadmehdi Yeganeparast
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study growth traits and fattening potential comparison of two Iranian camel ecotypes (Kalkouhi and Turkmen) in enclosed breeding conditions. The project was carried out using 32 young male camels with an average age of 151±31 days and an average weight of 141.77±29.55 ...
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An experiment was conducted to study growth traits and fattening potential comparison of two Iranian camel ecotypes (Kalkouhi and Turkmen) in enclosed breeding conditions. The project was carried out using 32 young male camels with an average age of 151±31 days and an average weight of 141.77±29.55 kg (in light, medium and heavy groups) during 9 months. Initial weights as covariate and monthly weight of camels as repeated measures were considered in the analyzing model. Least square mean of growth traits were calculated. The fix and random effects on growth traits with Mixed model procedure of SAS, 2004 software were included. Measurement of feed intake/residuary was recorded in group and daily, measurement of weight gain was recorded individually and monthly, as well as for all period. Results showed that the effects of breed (P<0.01), initial weight and weight categories on feed intake, growth performance and feed conversion ratio of young camels were significant (P<0.05). The average daily feed intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio for Kalkouhi ecotype were 3.83±1.01, 0.379±0.11 kg and 9.94±1.57 and for Turkmen ecotype were 4.31±1.05, 0.430±0.10 kg and 9.83±1.08 respectively. Mean total weight gain of Kalkouhi and Turkmen was 102.33±5.03 and 116.01±8.84 kg respectively (P<0.05). In conclusion, growth performance, fattening potential and feed efficiency of Turkmen ecotype was better than Kalkouhi ecotype and could be advised.
arash javanmard; nader asadzadeh; reza tohidi; Reza Masoudi
Abstract
The genetic divergence could define as a mechanism which two or more breeds within the same species with a common ancestor could differently evolutionary separated in genome structure. Molecular genetics may provide proper tools for estimation of the level of diversity and mutational events on this breed ...
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The genetic divergence could define as a mechanism which two or more breeds within the same species with a common ancestor could differently evolutionary separated in genome structure. Molecular genetics may provide proper tools for estimation of the level of diversity and mutational events on this breed over time. Accordingly, the main objective of the present report was to evaluate and compare the candidate gene polymorphisms for two meat and dairy type of goat breeds using candidate gene polymorphism approach. For this purpose, in overall, 30 goat individuals for two meat and dairy goat breed were chosen for genotyping of six candidate genes (Calpastatin, Myostatin, Insulin growth like hormone, Leptin, Pituitary-specific transcription factor and SCD genes using PCR-RFLP techniques. Molecular descriptive Statistics such as genotype and allele frequencies observed and expected heterozygosity, Minor allele frequency ,and Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium was calculated and compared using POPGENE software between populations. The Chi-square test was used for significant differences between the two populations for screened genes. The observed results interesting showed significant genotype and allele frequency pattern between the two studied breeds. Obtained outputs may insight to the understanding of Genetic divergence between well-known breeds due to domestication and artificial selection as well as geographical
Mahmood Sahraei; Hassan sadeghipanah; nader asadzadeh; Abazar ghanbari
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to investigate the Moghani ewe production performance improvement through reproductive management and nutrition methods during the non-breeding season in rangeland condition. For doing these projects, in one flock with 400 ewes, two groups were identified, that including ...
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This experiment was carried out to investigate the Moghani ewe production performance improvement through reproductive management and nutrition methods during the non-breeding season in rangeland condition. For doing these projects, in one flock with 400 ewes, two groups were identified, that including group 1(estrus synchronization+hormone therapy+supplementary feeding) and group 2 or control group (without estrus synchronization+ hormone therapy+supplementary feeding). Supplementary feeding duration in pre mating for 4 weeks and 1.5 month in late gestation with concentrate were done. During the project, production, reproductive traits and economical evaluation was carried out in each two groups. For quantities data analysis of T-test methods and for qualitative traits were used of frequency table and Chi-square. The results showed that, parturition rate, lamping rate, twining rate, born lamb crop (BLC) and weaned lamb crop (WLC) in experimental group was more than control group (p<0.05). In terms of fecundity, there was significant statistical difference between two methods, so that 104.21 vs. 48.64 percent in experimental group compared with control group were observed (p<0.05). In conclusion, in non-breeding season, in Moghani ewe using of estrus synchronization+hormone therapy+supplementary feeding, have the highest economic interest compared to the control group.
arash Javanmard; Mostafa Madad; nader asadzadeh; ali esmaeilizadeh kashkoeiyeh; mohammad hossein banabazi
Abstract
Nowadays, Incorporation of both phenotypes and genotype information enhanced the accuracy of genetic parameter predictions for growth characteristics in breeding schematics. The purpose of this study was to identify quantitative traits controlling positions (QTLs) associated with live body weight traits ...
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Nowadays, Incorporation of both phenotypes and genotype information enhanced the accuracy of genetic parameter predictions for growth characteristics in breeding schematics. The purpose of this study was to identify quantitative traits controlling positions (QTLs) associated with live body weight traits and growth characteristics using specific microsatellite markers in the 605 cm distance of goat chromosomes. In this regards, 4 half sib families were selected from large herd pedigree including 112 individual. Investigated records were included: birth, weaning, 6 months weights, average daily gain, calculated Keliber ratio index for two measured periods of birth- weaning age, weaning age- 6 months age. In the molecular study phase, a total of 45 microsatellite markers belong to 5 chromosome numbers (1, 2, 5, 6, and 26) with a pre-condition of the heterozygote pattern for microsatellite marker in each sire genotypes in progenies of heterozygote sires. The key findings of the present study are the identification of two QTLs between BMC1009-RM029 and INRABEN172 markers that are related to birth weight in chromosomes 5 and 26 (p<0.01). Also, after a across familial analysis, a QTL close to the BM1312 marker was detected in relation to the KBR1 ratio on chromosome 1(p<0.05).
Rahman Hajializadeh Valilou; Arash Javanmard; nader asadzadeh
Abstract
Five microsatellite markers BM1329, OarAE101, BM143, BM4621 and BM415 which were closely linked to the fecundity gene FecB in Booroola sheep were chosen based on their high conservatism in the closest species and were analyzed for polymorphisms and also their correlation with the litter size of a goat. ...
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Five microsatellite markers BM1329, OarAE101, BM143, BM4621 and BM415 which were closely linked to the fecundity gene FecB in Booroola sheep were chosen based on their high conservatism in the closest species and were analyzed for polymorphisms and also their correlation with the litter size of a goat. Observed results showed four microsatellite loci show polymorphism in the present study. However, BM4621 locus was monomorphic. The range of allele size of BM1329, OarAE101, BM143 and BM415 were 180 to 216 to 112, 102 to 112 and 198 to 200 in goat respectively. The alleles of the greatest frequency for of BM1329, OarAE101, BM143 and BM415 were 212, 99, 108 and 200bp respectively. Polymorphism information content (Nei Index) for BM1329, OarAE101, BM143 and BM415 were 0.82, 0.82, 0.72 and 0.49 respectively. Mean number of allele, Observed Heterozygosis, PIC and Shannon information index were 4.75 ± 2.2, 0.36 ± 0.12, 0.71 ± 0.15 and 1.41 ± 0.52 respectively. The litter size for first lambing for investigated loci were significantly different (p<0.01). The total mean of litter size of genotype BM1329 180/180, 180/188, oarAE101 110/112, 112/112, BMp143 106/108, 108/108 and BMP143 200/200bp were significantly higher than of other genotypes. This association could be further evaluated for marker-assisted selection and developed PCR methodology would expedite screening for large number of goats required for such studies.
Arash javanmard; nader asadzadeh; Mohammad Hossein banabazi; Karim hasanpur; mokhtar ghaffari
Abstract
Discovery of accurate, easy and economic embryo sex determination in the dairy cattle industry assumed highly particular importance. CffDNA is novel potential material to determine the sex of the fetus in early gestation period has not imposed negative effect on embryo health. In this regard, in overall, ...
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Discovery of accurate, easy and economic embryo sex determination in the dairy cattle industry assumed highly particular importance. CffDNA is novel potential material to determine the sex of the fetus in early gestation period has not imposed negative effect on embryo health. In this regard, in overall, 16 Holstein cows experiencing eight weeks of gestation and 4 non-pregnant Holstein cows, two bulls (negative control) were chosen as candidates for this present experiment and subsequently that plasma was separated to extract ccfDNA. Qiagene commercial kit was used to extract. DEAD box protein gene-based primers for this study based on both chromosomes X and Y and past articles were selected and were synthesized reported. Polymerase reaction and the required conditions were optimized using proposed standard. The results of electrophoresis PCR patterns male fetus’s two bands and one band of female fetuses showed. Monitoring of birth of each gender embryos under the test after the birth of calves showed compelet match the molecular results re-confirmed
nader asadzadeh; Manochehr Souri; Mohammad Mehdi Moeini; Hassan Sadeghipanah
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare effects of adding soybean oil as omega-6 fatty acid source and palm hydrogenated oil as source of saturated fat to flushing diet on artificial insemination efficiency in Chaal ewes. One hundred eleven of non-lactating and non-pregnant Chaal ewes, were divided ...
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The purpose of this study was to compare effects of adding soybean oil as omega-6 fatty acid source and palm hydrogenated oil as source of saturated fat to flushing diet on artificial insemination efficiency in Chaal ewes. One hundred eleven of non-lactating and non-pregnant Chaal ewes, were divided into three experimental groups based on flushing diets: (1) control group (C), fed the flushing diet without any supplemental fat, (2) palm hydrogenated oil group (PHO), fed the flushing diet containing 3.5% supplemental hydrogenated palm oil and (3) group of soybean oil (SO), fed flushing diet containing 3.5% soybean oil. Estrus synchronization of ewes performed using progesterone sponges. The rate of estrus was recorded and forty eight hours after sponge removal, artificial insemination was performed with the laparoscopic approach. Fifteen days after artificial insemination, the rams were introduced into the flock. Number and weight of born lambs and weight of weaned lambs were recorded. Soybean oil significantly increased the multiple lambing rate in comparison with group fed hydrogenated palm oil and significantly increased the prolificacy and fecundity rates and consequently weaning rate in comparison with two other groups (P <0.05). In the group fed hydrogenated palm oil, lamb viability from birth until 90 days old was significantly lower in comparison with control group (P >0.05). In the programs of sheep artificial insemination and synchronized natural mating, adding soybean oil to flushing diet can improve reproductive performance. Also, It is recommended that to avoid using hydrogenated palm oil in flushing diet of sheep.
