Animal and poultry nutrition
Samira Varezardi; Ayoub Azizi; Ali Kiani; Amir Fadaeifar; Afrooz Sharifi
Abstract
The effects of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) source and feeding level on growth performance, digestibility of nutrients, blood metabolites and nutritional behavior of fattening lambs have been studied. 28 male lambs (age: 4-5 month; BW: 36.1±3) were used in a 2×2 factorial design with four ...
Read More
The effects of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) source and feeding level on growth performance, digestibility of nutrients, blood metabolites and nutritional behavior of fattening lambs have been studied. 28 male lambs (age: 4-5 month; BW: 36.1±3) were used in a 2×2 factorial design with four experimental treatments for 60 days. Two type of NPN (urea and biuret) were used twice and three times a day. The results showed that lambs consuming biuret had a higher ADG and lower FCR (P<0.05) than those fed urea. The effect of NPN source on ADF digestibility was significant (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in blood glucose concentration between experimental treatments (P>0.05). The concentration of urea and blood urea nitrogen before and six hours after morning feeding was higher in lambs consuming urea than biuret (p<0.0.5). The concentration of total protein was significantly higher six hours after feeding in lambs consuming urea than biuret (P<0.0.5). The type of NPN source was not significant on the nutritional behavior of lambs (P>0.05) however, feeding level had a significant effect on eating behavior, chewing, eating dry matter and eating NDF consumption (P<0.05). In general, it can be concluded that the use of biuret improves growth performance and nitrogen metabolism as compared to urea in fattening lambs.
Animal and poultry nutrition
Hadi Mirzasarvari; Nazar Afzali; Seyyed Homayoun Farhangfar; Ahmad Reza Raji
Abstract
Olive leaf extract (OLE) can be used as a rich source of antioxidants due to its polyphenol compounds. The purpose of this research was to measure the antioxidant activity and the effect of aqueous (AOLE) and alcoholic (HOLE) extracts of olive leaves on performance, quality characteristics of eggs, biochemical ...
Read More
Olive leaf extract (OLE) can be used as a rich source of antioxidants due to its polyphenol compounds. The purpose of this research was to measure the antioxidant activity and the effect of aqueous (AOLE) and alcoholic (HOLE) extracts of olive leaves on performance, quality characteristics of eggs, biochemical blood serum, hematology, and immune response of laying hens. This experiment was conducted with 440 high-line laying hens (25 weeks old) in the form of 11 experimental treatments, with 5 replications and each replication including 8 hens for three periods of 28 days in a completely randomized design with five levels of AOLE (200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg/kg) and five levels of HOLE (200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg/kg). The DPPH method was used to measure the antioxidant activity of the extract. Functional traits were measured periodically. Blood was taken from the wing vein for serum biochemical and hematological analysis. Injection of the Newcastle vaccine was performed on the 40th day of the experiment, and blood was taken from the wing vein seven days later. The results showed that birds receiving 1000 levels of AOLE and HOLE had the highest percentage of production compared to the control treatment. The highest number of white blood cells and heterophils and antibody titers against Newcastle virus were observed in birds treated with 1000 HOLE levels. In general, the use of 1000 mg/kg of aqueous and alcoholic extract of olive leaves improves the performance and quality of laying eggs.
Animal and poultry genetics and breeding
Zahra Roudbari; Saideh EskandariNasab
Abstract
Sheep wool is a very important raw material for the textile industry. Since fiber diameter is one of the most important economic characteristics of sheep wool, identification of genes regulating this characteristic offers an opportunity to increase productivity and improving product quality and variety ...
Read More
Sheep wool is a very important raw material for the textile industry. Since fiber diameter is one of the most important economic characteristics of sheep wool, identification of genes regulating this characteristic offers an opportunity to increase productivity and improving product quality and variety of product. various researches have been conducted and various genes have been identified in relation to wool production. Each gene may be involved in different biological pathways, and the identification of these biological pathways and the genes that make up them will create a broader view and a more complete understanding of the complex genetic mechanism of the phenotype of productive traits, which can be achieved through the identification of biological biomarkers. For production traits, it is a useful step toward improving breeding. The data used in this research were downloaded from the GEO database with the access number GSE85844 and were analyzed in order to measure quality and uniformity. In order to identify genes with expression differences, a series of thresholds were considered, which include P-value and Fold Change. String software was used for ontology analysis and Cytoscape software with the cytoHubba plugin was used for network analysis. A total of 702 genes with different expressions were identified, which are involved in 37 biological pathways related to the production of wool follicles. The results of the network analysis identified 11 hub genes that affect wool growth and diameter. These results provide valuable resources for increasing the quality and production of sheep wool.
Animal and poultry nutrition
Sadegh Sajadi; Abdolhakim Toghdory; Taghi Ghoorchi; Mohammad Asadi
Abstract
This study was conducted in order to investigate the effect of replacing soybean meal with poultry slaughterhouse residue powder on performance, milk composition, digestibility of nutrients, and blood parameters of lactating ewes. To perform this experiment, 24 dairy ewes of the Dalaq breed with an average ...
Read More
This study was conducted in order to investigate the effect of replacing soybean meal with poultry slaughterhouse residue powder on performance, milk composition, digestibility of nutrients, and blood parameters of lactating ewes. To perform this experiment, 24 dairy ewes of the Dalaq breed with an average weight of 36±3.7 kg were used in 4 treatments and 6 repetitions in a completely randomized design. The treatments were included: control treatment (diet without poultry slaughterhouse residue powder), second treatment (diet containing 33% replacement), third treatment (diet containing 66% replacement) and fourth treatment (diet containing 100% replacement of poultry slaughterhouse residue powder instead of soybean meal). Results showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental treatments in the final weight of sheep, daily weight gain, dry matter consumption, feed conversion ratio, milk production and feed consumption behavior. By increasing the replacement levels of poultry slaughterhouse residue powder with soybean meal, the percentage of non-fat solids, density and lactose of ewes' milk also increased (P<0.05). Among the different treatments, no significant difference was observed in terms of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, globulin, and albumin-globulin ratio, but blood urea nitrogen concentration increased with the replacement of poultry slaughterhouse residue powder with soybean meal increased (P<0.05). In general, it is possible to completely replace the powder of poultry slaughterhouse remains, which is a source of animal protein, with soybean meal, which is one of the imported items of animal feed, without causing any disturbance in the health and production of animals.
Animal and poultry genetics and breeding
Majid Shokohmand; H. Mohammadi; Amir Hossein Khaltabadi Farahani; Mohammad Hossein Moradi
Abstract
The present study aimed to conduct a genome wide association studies based on Gene-set enrichment analysis for identifying the loci associated with conformation traits in some goat genotyped with the Caprine 50K SNP chip. For this purpose, phenotypes records related body length, body height, pubic bone ...
Read More
The present study aimed to conduct a genome wide association studies based on Gene-set enrichment analysis for identifying the loci associated with conformation traits in some goat genotyped with the Caprine 50K SNP chip. For this purpose, phenotypes records related body length, body height, pubic bone length, heart girth and chest length were obtained. Genome wide association study was performed with conformation traits using GEMMA software. Using the biomaRt2 R package the SNP were assigned to genes if they were within the genomic sequence of the gene or within a flanking region of 15 kb up- and downstream of the gene. Finally, a gene enrichment analysis was performed with the KOBAS platform from online bioinformatics databases for the assignment of the genes to functional categories. In this research, genomic region related to conformation traits on chromosomes 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 16, 17, 22 and 27 were identified. Also, genes related to body conformations traits in our study included PDE5A, WDR1, ATF3, SIPA1L1, TMTC2, CHCHD3, SHROOM2, TBPL2, ADIPOQ, ASAH1 and LRPPRC. According to pathway analysis, 18 pathways from gene ontology and biological pathways were associated with the conformation traits. The results of our research can be used to understand the genetic mechanism controlling conformation traits and considering, this study supported previous results from GWAS of conformation traits, also revealed additional regions, using these findings could potentially be useful for genetic selection in goat.
Animal and poultry nutrition
farzaneh hajiazizi; Amirali Sadeghi; Ahmad Karimi
Abstract
This study was concluded in order to investigate the effects of inclusion of camelina meal (CM) and substitution of the dietary salt by sodium bicarbonate (SB) on performance and ascites incidence in broilers reared at high altitude. A total of 672 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned ...
Read More
This study was concluded in order to investigate the effects of inclusion of camelina meal (CM) and substitution of the dietary salt by sodium bicarbonate (SB) on performance and ascites incidence in broilers reared at high altitude. A total of 672 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to 7 treatments with 6 replications of 16 birds. Experimental treatments included the diet base on corn and soybean meal without salt replacement by SB (control), diets containing 5 and 10 percent of CM in combination with 25, 50 and 75 percent substitution of SB for sodium chloride. Feeding experimental diets reduced productive performance of chicks so that diets containing 10% CM with 50 or 75 percent SB replacement reduced feed intake and body weight gain and increased feed conversion ratio when compared to the control birds (P<0.05). The effect of the experimental treatments was not significant on carcass percentage and relative weights of breast, thigh and liver, but decreased the relative weights of abdominal fat, heart, spleen and bursa of Fabricius (P<0.05). The right ventricle to total ventricles weight ratio and ascites mortality reduced as a result of CM utilization and substituting of SB for dietary salt (P<0.05). Generally, the utilization of diet containing 5% CM and 25% replacement of sodium chloride by SB are recommended to reduce of ascites mortality without impaired performance in broilers reared at high altitude.
Animal and poultry management
Mahmoud Amiri Roudbar; Hosein Emrani; mohamad reza mashayekhi; Bahareh Taheri Dezfuli; Gholam Saniei
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the economic effects of a major gene, FecB, in Lori-Bakhtiari sheep in the northern regions of Khuzestan province. After collecting the required information in 2022, a simulation algorithm for this study was designed using the R programming language. Different ...
Read More
The purpose of this research was to investigate the economic effects of a major gene, FecB, in Lori-Bakhtiari sheep in the northern regions of Khuzestan province. After collecting the required information in 2022, a simulation algorithm for this study was designed using the R programming language. Different objects including various breeding systems, different effect sizes of FecB, changes in extra price due to carrying FecB, the factor of reducing cost due to bulk purchases in larger sheep farms, and the presence or absence of direct product sale without intermediaries (PSWI) were considered in the algorithm. The simulation results showed that under non-pasture conditions, the size of the flock can be an important factor in the profitability. Estrus synchronization was another important factor in increasing profit in herds with FecB, and in the absence of pasture, its role in improving the economic conditions of the herd becomes more prominent. This study showed that for every 1% increase in litter size due to the FecB effect the income per year for each head increased from 147 to 349 thousand Rials. In addition, the PSWI can play a very important role in improving the profitability of the herd. The results of this simulation can be used to predict the economic future of Lori-Bakhtiari herds and the other Iranian sheep breeds carrying this mutation. Moreover, the algorithm presented in this research can be used for simulation in different breeds according to the cost and different breeding systems to provide a suitable economic model.
Animal and poultry management
محمدقاسمی Mohammadghasemi; Majid Dahmardeh; Saeed Esmaeilkhanian
Abstract
Animal husbandry, as one of the important sub-sectors of the agricultural sector, requires the formulation of a strategic plan at the regional level. The purpose of the research is the necessity of scientific planning for the improvement and development of livestock production, in line with the optimal ...
Read More
Animal husbandry, as one of the important sub-sectors of the agricultural sector, requires the formulation of a strategic plan at the regional level. The purpose of the research is the necessity of scientific planning for the improvement and development of livestock production, in line with the optimal use of the existing capabilities and capacities of Sistan region. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, Data analysis was done in the descriptive statistics section in Excel software, and then multi-indicator decision making technique and gray method were used to estimate other results. The results of the study showed that the index of reducing the vulnerability caused by natural disasters through capacity building and water resources management has the greatest effect in determining the index of the vision, goals and strategies of sustainable development of the industry. The index of preventing severe market fluctuations has the most effective variable to improve the capacity of the existing economic activities of the industry. In addition, the results showed that in order to meet the energy and protein needs of this livestock population, about 1288274 tons of dry matter, 171666 tons of raw protein and 2430870955 megacalories of metabolizable energy are needed, and about 209 thousand tons of dry matter (33% protein and 1.41% energy) are needed annually. Metabolizable) is deficient.Based on the type of strategy obtained, Zahak and Hamon cities should include aggressive strategy, Hirmand and Nimroz cities, change direction strategy, and Zabul city should include diversity strategy in the work plan.
