تأثیر ضایعات ماهی تخمیری در تغذیه جوجه های گوشتی بر جمعیت میکروبی دستگاه گوارش و فراسنجه های خون

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تغذیه دام دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 استاد دانشکده علوم دامی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 دانشیار گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

این آزمایش به منظور بررسی تأثیر ضایعات ماهی تخمیری در تغذیه جوجه‌های گوشتی بر جمعیت میکروبی دستگاه گوارش و فراسنجه‌های خون انجام شد. تخمیر هر کیلوگرم ضایعات ماهی با 15 درصد ملاس و 5 درصد کشت آغازگر (حاوی باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم و قارچ آسپرژیلوس اوریزا) صورت پذیرفت. پس از 15 روز تخمیر، pH و جمعیت باکتری‌های اسید لاکتیک به ترتیب از 12/6 و 99/6 در ضایعات ماهی به 91/3 و 88/11 در ضایعات ماهی تخمیری تغییر یافت. تعداد 240 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نر سویه کاب در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به 5 تیمار آزمایشی با 4 تکرار و هر تکرار با 12 جوجه اختصاص داده شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل جایگزینی 0، 3، 6، 9 و 12 درصد ضایعات ماهی تخمیری با کنجاله سویا در جیره غذایی بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که جایگزینی سطوح مختلف ضایعات ماهی تخمیری با کنجاله سویا در جیره‌های غذایی جوجه‌های گوشتی سبب کاهش pH چینه‌دان و ایلئوم در مقایسه با گروه شاهد شد. تغذیه ضایعات ماهی تخمیری در سنین 22-11 روزگی و 42-23 روزگی سبب افزایش جمعیت باکتری‌های اسید لاکتیک در چینه‌دان و کاهش کلی‌فرم‌ها در ایلئوم جوجه‌های گوشتی شد. در سن 42-23 روزگی، مقدار کلسترول کل، تری‌گلیسرید، VLDL و LDL سرم خون در تیمارهای حاوی ضایعات ماهی تخمیری نسبت به تیمار شاهد به طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت. نتایج نشان داد که جایگزینی بخشی از کنجاله سویا با ضایعات ماهی تخمیری در جیره غذایی سبب تضمین بهداشت و سلامت عمومی جوجه‌های گوشتی از طریق بهبود تعادل جمعیت میکروبی دستگاه گوارش و کاهش کلسترول خون می‌شود.

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