نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری تغذیه طیور، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان
2 استاد گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان
چکیده
به منظور بررسی تاثیر تزریق داخل تخم‌مرغی و مصرف سطوح مختلف عصاره‌شیرین‌بیان و نانوذرات کلوئیدی نقره بر عملکرد و برخی فراسنجه‌های خون جوجه‌های گوشتی در مرحله جنینی و رشد، در جایگزینی با آنتی-بیوتیک فلاوومایسین®، آزمایشی با استفاده از 800 تخم‌مرغ نطفه‌دار سویه تجاری راس 308 به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 10 تیمار، 4 تکرار و 20 تخم‌مرغ در هر تکرار، انجام شد. تیمارهای مرحله تزریق داخل تخم‌مرغ شامل عصاره‌شیرین‌بیان (صفر، 100 و 200 قسمتدرمیلیون)، نانوذراتنقره (صفر، 30 و 60 قسمتدرمیلیون)، گروه شاهد منفی (بدون تزریق) و شاهد مثبت (تزریق 1/0میلی‌لیتر آب مقطر‌استریل) بودند.تیمارهای مرحله رشد شامل عصاره‌شیرین‌بیان (صفر، 1 و 2 گرم‌‌در‌‌کیلوگرم)، نانوذراتنقره (صفر و 120 قسمتدرمیلیون)، تیمار حاوی آنتی‌بیوتیک فلاوومایسین® با غلظت 450 قسمتدرمیلیون و دو گروه شاهد از مرحله جنینی بودند. نتایج نشان دادند که تزریق 100 قسمتدرمیلیون عصاره‌شیرین‌بیان+60 قسمتدرمیلیون نانو-ذرات‌‌نقره، در مقایسه با گروه‌های تیمار شده با عصاره‌شیرین‌بیان و نانوذراتنقره درصد جوجه‌درآوری را بطور معنی‌داری افزایش داد (01/0>P). وزن و طول بدن جوجه‌ها پس از تفریخ در تمام تیمار‌ها خصوصاً بالاترین سطوح عصاره‌شیرین‌بیان و نانوذراتنقره بطور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت (01/0>P).بالاترین ضریب تبدیل غذایی در تیمار حاوی 450 قسمتدرمیلیون آنتی‌بیوتیک فلاوومایسین® و شاهد منفی (01/0>P) و پایین‌ترین آن در تیمار حاوی 120 قسمتدرمیلیون نانوذرات نقره و تیمار حاوی 2 گرم‌‌در‌‌کیلوگرم عصاره‌شیرین‌بیان+120 قسمتدرمیلیون نانوذراتنقره مشاهده شد (01/0>P). غلظت HDL در تیمار حاوی 100 قسمتدرمیلیون عصاره‌شیرین‌بیان افزایش یافت (05/0>P). به طور کلی، شیرین‌بیان و نانو‌‌ذرات‌کلوئیدی‌‌نقره می‌توانند با ارتقاء شرایط جسمانی جوجه‌ها، عملکرد و خصوصیات لاشه را بهبود داده و بعنوان جایگزینی برای آنتی‌بیوتیک فلاوومایسین® مطرح باشند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
زرگران اصفهانی، ح.، شریفی، س. د.، برین، ع. و افضل زاده، ا. (1389). اثر نانو ذرات نقره بر عملکرد و خصوصیات لاشه جوجه‌های گوشتی. علوم دامی ایران 41 (2): 137-143.
Ahmadi, F. (2012). "Impact of different levels of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) on performance, oxidative enzymes and blood parameters in broiler chicks." Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 32 (3): 325-328.
Ahmadi, F., Khah, M.M., Javid, S., Zarneshan, A., Akradi, L. and Salehifar, P. (2013). "The effect of dietary silver nanoparticles on performance, immune organs, and lipid serum of broiler chickens during starter period." International Journal of Biosciences, 3 (5): 95-100.
Ahmadi, J. (2009). "Application of different levels of silver nanoparticles in food on the performance and some blood parameters of broiler chickens." World Applied Sciences Journal, 7 (1): 24-27.
Amiri Andi, M., Mohsen, H. and Farhad, A. (2011). "Effects of feed type with/without nanosil on cumulative performance: Relative organ weight and some blood parameters of broilers. " Global Veterinaria, 7 (6): 605-609.
Aoki, F., Honda, S., Kishida, H., Kitano, M., Arai, N., Tanaka, H. et al. (2007). "Suppression by licorice flavonoids of abdominal fat accumulation and body weight gain in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice." Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 71 (1): 206-214.
Baran, A. and Fenercio, H. (1991). "A research study on the determination of the properties and preservation of licorice extract." Gida, 16: 391-396.
Baseer, N., Durraniand, F. and Sohail, S. (2016). "Effect of four medicinal plants (Withania somnifera, liquorice, Allium sativum and Berberis lycium) mixture extraction the hematological and hypolipidemic characteristics in broiler chicks." Electronic Journal of Biology, 12 (4): 468-471.
Bown, D. (1995). "Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses". Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 0-7513-020-31.
Chen, D., Xi, T. and Bai, J. (2007). "Biological effects induced by nanosilver particles: in vivo study." Biomedical Materials, 2 (3): S126.
Craig, W.J. (1999). "Health-promoting properties of common herbs." The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 70 (3): 491S-499S.
Edens, F. (2003). "Analternative for antibiotic se in poultry: probiotics." Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola, 5 (2): 75-97.
El-Ansary, A. and Al-Daihan, S. (2009). "On the toxicity of therapeutically used nanoparticles: an overview." Journal of Toxicology. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/754810.
Elkloub, K,. Moustafa, M.E., Ghazalah, A. and Rehan, A. (2015). "Effect of dietary nanosilver on broiler performance." International Journal of Poultry Science, 14 (3): 177-182.
Endtz, H.P., Ruijs, G.J., van Klingeren, B., Jansen, W.H., van der Reyden, T. and Mouton, R.P. (1991). "Quinolone resistance in Campylobacter isolated from man and poultry following the introduction of fluoroquinolones in veterinary medicine." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 27 (2): 199-208.
Fiore, C., Eisenhut, M., Krausse, R., Ragazzi, E., Pellati, D., Armanini, D. et al. (2008). "Antiviral effects of Glycyrrhiza species." Phytotherapy Research, 22 (2): 141-148.
Fondevila, M. (2010). Potential use of silver nanoparticles as an additive in animal feeding. Silver Nanoparticles, In Tech, 17: 325-334.
Fondevila, M., Herrer, R., Casallas, M., Abecia, L. and Ducha, J. (2009). "Silver nanoparticles as a potential antimicrobial additive for weaned pigs." Animal Feed Science and Technology, 150 (3-4): 259-269.
Greathead, H. (2003). "Plants and plant extracts for improving animal productivity." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 62 (2): 279-290.
Grieve, A. (2004). Licorice. www. wholehealthmd. com / refshelf / substances _ view / 1, 1525, 801, 00. html.
Hernandez, F., Madrid, J., Garcia, V., Orengo, J. and Megias, M. (2004). "Influence of two plant extracts on broilers performance, digestibility, and digestive organ size." Poultry Science, 83 (2): 169-174.
Hosseini, S., Goudarzi, M., Zarei, A., Meimandipour, A. and Sadeghipanah, A. (2014). "The effects of funnel and licorice on immune response, blood parameter and gastrointestinal organs in broiler chiks." Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 30 (4): 583-589.
Kalantar, M., Hosseini, S.M., Yang, L., Raza, S.H.A., Gui, L., Rezaie, M., et al. (2017). "Performance, immune, and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens as affected by thyme and licorice or enzyme supplemented diets." Sciences, 7: 105-109.
Lashin, I.A., Iborahem, I., Ola, F.A.T. and Fatma, F.M. (2017). "Influence of licorice extract on heat stress in broiler chickens". Animal Health Research Journal, 5 (3): 40-46.
Lee, K.W., Everts, H., Kappert, H.J., Yeom, K.H. and Beynen, A.C. (2003). "Dietary carvacrol lowers body weight gain but improves feed conversion in female broiler chickens." Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 12 (4): 394-399.
Liu, H., Yang, D., Yang, H., Zhang, H., Zhang, W., Fang, Y. et al. (2013). "Comparative study of respiratory tract immune toxicity induced by three sterilisation nanoparticles: silver, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide." Journal of Hazardous Materials, 248: 478-486.
Ma, Z., Xu, Y., Zhang, Y., Dong, L., Li, Q., Duan, Q. et al. (2010). "Anti-metabolic syndrome effect of licorice flavonoid dispersible tablets in a high fat diet-induced obesity/type 2 diabetes mouse model." Asian Journal of Traditional Medicines, 5 (3): 89-101.
Maiorka, A., Dahlke, F. and Morgulis, M.S.F.d.A. (2006). "Broiler adaptation to post-hatching period." Ciência Rural, 36 (2): 701-708.
Marzi, V., Circella, G. and Vampa, G.M. (1993) " “Effect of soil depth on the rooting system growth in Glycyrrhiza glabra L. " ISHS Acta Horticulture, 331: 71 - 78.
Moeller, K. (2009). Nano-Silver Proven Safe for Humans, American Biotech Labs. Available from: http://www.healthfreedomusa.org.
Mohitiasli, M., Hoseini, S.A., Meymandipur, A. and Mahvavi, A. 2010. Medicinal plants in nutrition of animal and poultry. Publishment Institute of Country Animal Science Research, 317 pages.
Moradi, N., Ghazi, S., Amjadian, T., Khamisabadi, H. and Habibian, M. (2014). "Performance and some immunological parameter responses of broiler chickens to licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract administration in the drinking water." Annual Research and Review in Biology, 4 (4): 675-683.
Myandoab, M. and Mansoub, N. (2012). "Comparative effect of liquorice root extract medicinal plants and probiotic in diets on performance, carcass traits and serum composition of Japanese quails." Global Veterinaria, 8: 39-42.
Niazi, M. and Durrani, F. (2006). "Effect of aqueous extract of Berberius lycium on the immunity, lipid profile, and overall performance of broiler chicks." M. Sc (Hons) Thesis, Agric. Univ. Peshawar, Pakistan.
Nowakowicz-Dębek, B., Szlązak, R. and Tutaj, K. (2016). "Effect of silver nanoparticles on the immune, redox, and lipid status of chicken blood ." Czech Journal of Animal Science, 61 (10): 450-461.
Nowakowska, Z. (2007). "A review of anti-infective and anti-inflammatory chalcones." European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 42 (2): 125-137.
Ohta, Y., Kidd, M. and Ishibashi, T. (2001). "Embryo growth and amino acid concentration profiles of broiler breeder eggs, embryos, and chicks after in ovo administration of amino acids." Poultry Science, 80 (10): 1430-1436.
Ohta, Y., Tsushima, N., Koide, K., Kidd, M. and Ishibashi, T. (1999). "Effect of amino acid injection in broiler breeder eggs on embryonic growth and hatchability of chicks." Poultry Science, 78 (11):1493-1498.
Pineda, L., Chwalibog, A., Sawosz, E., Lauridsen, C., Engberg, R., Elnif, J. et al. (2012a). "Effect of silver nanoparticles on growth performance, metabolism and microbial profile of broiler chickens." Archives of Animal Nutrition, 66 (5): 416-429.
Pineda, L., Sawosz, E., Lauridsen, C., Engberg, R.M., Elnif, J., Hotowy, A. et al. (2012b). "Influence of in ovo injection and subsequent provision of silver nanoparticles on growth performance, microbial profile, and immune status of broiler chickens." Open Access Animal Physiology, 4: 1-8.
Sahin, N., Sahin, K. and Kucuk, O. (2001). "Effects of vitamin E and vitamin A supplementation on performance, thyroid status, and serum concentrations of some metabolites and minerals in broilers reared under heat stress (32^ oC)." VETERINARNI MEDICINA-PRAHA,46 (12/11): 286-292.
Saleem, M.M.N.M., Mohammad, A.A.W., Al-Tameemi, J.A., and Sulaiman, G.M. (2011). "Biological study of the effect of licorice roots extract on serum lipid profile, liverenzymes and kidney function tests in albino mice." African Journal of Biotechnology, 10 (59): 12702-12706.
Salmanzadeh, M., Ebrahim Nezhad, Y. and Aghdam Shahryar, H. (2011). "The effects of in ovo administration of glucose on carcass characterizes of broiler chickens." Global Veterinária, 6: 429-432.
SAS Institute. (2004) "SAS/STAT User guide: statistics". Version 9.1. SAS Institute INC. Cary, NC.
Sawosz, E., Binek, M., Grodzik, M., Zielińska, M., Sysa, P., Szmidt, M. et al. (2007). "Influence of hydrocolloidal silver nanoparticles on gastrointestinal microflora and morphology of enterocytes of quails." Archives of Animal Nutrition, 61 (6): 444-451.
Sawosz, E., Grodzik, M., Zielińska, M., Niemiec, T., Olszańska, B. and Chwalibog, A. (2009). "Nanoparticles of silver do not affect growth, development and DNA oxidative damage in chicken embryos." Archiv für Geflügelkunde, 73 (3): 208-213.
Sawosz, F., Pineda, L., Hotowy, A., Hyttel, P., Sawosz, E., Szmidt, M. et al. (2012). "Nano-nutrition of chicken embryos. The effect of silver nanoparticles and glutamine on molecular responses, and the morphology of pectoral muscle." Baltic Journal of Comparative.Clinical Systematic Biology, 2: 29-45.
Sedghi, M., Golian, A., Kermanshahi, H. and Ahmadi, H. (2010). "Effect of dietary supplementation of licorice extract and a prebiotic on performance and blood metabolites of broilers." South African Journal of Animal Science, 40 (4): 371-380.
Sharma, M., Langley, B., Bass, J. and Kambadur, R. (2001). "Myostatin in muscle growth and repair". Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 29: 155-158.
Shibata, S. (2000). "A drug over the millennia: pharmacognosy, chemistry, and pharmacology of licorice." Yakugaku Zasshi, 120 (10): 849-862.
Siegel, H. (1995). "Stress, strains and resistance. " British Poultry Science, 36 (1): 3-22.
Tominaga, Y., Mae, T., Kitano, M., Sakamoto, Y., Ikematsu, H. and Nakagawa, K. (2006). "Licorice flavonoid oil effects body weight loss by reduction of body fat mass in over weight subjects." Journal of Health Science, 52 (6): 672-683.
Warriss, P., Kestin, S., Brown, S. and Bevis, E. (1988). "Depletion of glycogen reserves in fasting broiler chickens." British Poultry Science, 29 (1): 149-154.
)