نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته دکتری ژنتیک و اصلاح نزاد دام، طیور، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل
2 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل
3 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
مطالعه حاضر به منظور برآورد سطح هم‌خونی ژنومی با استفاده از تجزیه (FROH) ROH در دو توده گاو بومی ایران شامل سرابی و نجدی و همچنین مقایسه برآوردهای FROH با دیگر برآوردهای ضریب هم‌خونی بر اساس ماتریس رابطه ژنوم (FGRM)، درصد SNPs هموزیگوت (FHOM) و اطلاعات شجره‌نامه (FPed) انجام شد. برای انجام این کار، به ترتیب تعداد 213 و 211 نمونه به طور تصادفی از جمعیت سرابی و نجدی انتخاب شدند. نمونه‌ها با استفاده از ریز تراشه Illumina BeadChip 40K v2 تعیین ژنوتیپ شدند. علاوه بر این، تعداد 30 نمونه از گاوهای شیری هلشتاین ایران از مرکز اصلاح نژاد ایران، مورد بررسی قرارگرفتند. آنالیز ژنومی با استفاده از برنامه‌های CFC ، Excel، Plink، SNeP انجام شد. در مجموع 2030 بلوک هاپلوتیپی در جمعیت شناسایی شدند. بیشترین و کمترین تعداد قطعات (ROHs) ROH در بین جمعیت نجدی و سرابی مشاهده شد. علاوه بر این، طول ROH در بین نژادهای مختلف متفاوت بود (۰۵/۰p <). جمعیت نجدی بیشترین تعداد ROH را در دسته‌های با طول متفاوت Mb ) ROH8-4، Mb16-8 وMb 16<) داشتند. حداکثر ضریب همبستگی بین ضرایب هم‌خونی برآورد شده بین FPed و FROH> 4Mb (592/0) در جمعیت سرابی بدست آمد (۰۰۱/۰p <). نتایج این مطالعه وجود هم‌خونی، حداقل در پنج نسل اخیر جمعیت بومی مورد مطالعه را نشان می‌دهد و برنامه‌های حفاظتی باید به منظور مدیریت سطوح هم‌خونی در هر دو جمعیت صورت گیرد.
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