نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

2 استاد گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه بیوشیمی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ، لرستان، ایران.

4 دکتری ژنتیک مولکولی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان ، رشت، ایران.

چکیده

این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثرات تزریق زیر جلدی سالین(5/0 پرنده/ میلی‌لیتر)، ملاتونین(500 پرنده/ میکروگرم)، متوکاربامول(10 پرنده/ میلیگرم) و گلوکز(200، 300 ، 400 پرنده/ میلیگرم) روی واکنش‌های رفتاری جوجه‌های تازه تفریخ شده تحت استرس حمل و نقل جاده‌ای در مسافت‌ 300، 600، 900 و 1200 کیلومتر، با روش آزمون خی-دو ناپارامتری با استفاده از 700 جوجه‌ی گوشتی اجرا شد. نُه خصوصیت رفتاری بالقوه‌ی جوجه‌ها در سه گروه شامل رفتارهای منفعلانه(خوابیدن به پهلو، خوابیدن روی سینه، نشستن و ایستادن)، رفتارهای فعالانه (پریدن، نوک زدن به خود، نوک زدن به اشیاء و نوک زدن به پرندگان دیگر ) و رفتار جیک‌جیک کردن تقسیم‌بندی شد. نتایج نشان داد که تزریق ملاتونین و متوکاربامول رفتارهای منفعلانه‌ی جوجه‌ها را در مسافت 300 کیلومتر به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش داد (05/0>P). به استثنای مسافت 600 کیلومتر، رفتار ایستادن در پرندگان تزریق شده با گلوکز و ملاتونین افزایش معنی‌داری نشان داد (05/0>P). دوزهای ملاتونین، متوکاربامول و گلوکز مورد استفاده در این مطالعه بر رفتارهای فعال جوجه‌ها در مسافت‌های مورد مطالعه تأثیر نداشت. رفتار جیک جیک کردن پرندگان نیز فقط در 300 کیلومتر اول به وسیله‌ی گلوکز کاهش معنی‌داری نشان داد (05/0>P)، در حالی‌که هیچ تزریق دیگری بالاتر از 300 کیلومتر روی این پارامتر رفتاری مؤثر نبود. بطور کلی در این پژوهش القاء اثرات آرامبخشی ملاتونین و متوکاربامول از طریق افزایش رفتارهای منفعلانه (خوابیدن و نشستن) و اثرات آرامبخشی گلوکز از طریق کاهش رفتار جیک‌جیک کردن در بخش اول مسافت پیمایش شده مشاهده شد. با این حال توصیف دقیق اثرات این ترکیبات نیازمند تحقیقات بیشتری است.

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