شهسواری، س. و سالارمعینی، م. (1389). مطالعه ارزش تغذیهای خرمای کامل ضایعاتی با و بدون آنزیم بر عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی. علوم دامی. 41(2): 152-145.
نوبخت، ع. و قلعه نویی، م. ر. (1394). اثر استفاده از سطوح مختلف ملاس چغندرقند بر عملکرد صفات کیفی تخممرغ و پارامترهای خونی مرغهای تخمگذار. علوم دامی. 108: 44-35.
نوبخت، ع.، شیوازاد، م.، چمنی، م. و صفامهر، ع. ر. (1386). اثرات توازن الکترولیتهای جیره بر عملکرد و کیفیت پوسته تخممرغ مرغهای تخمگذار در شرایط تنش گرمایی و حرارت خنثی در مرحله اول تخمگذاری. دانش نوین کشاورزی. 9: 88-79.
آمارنامه کشاورزی (1401). جلد سوم. دفتر آمار و فناوری اطلاعات. وزارت جهاد کشاورزی. ص: 112.
Abdel-Sattar, W.M., Sadek, K.M., Elbestawy, A.R. and Mourad, D.M. (2019). Biochemical protective role of Phoenix dactylifera seeds against aflatoxicosis in broilers. Damanhour Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 1: 5-12.
Al-Saffar, A.E., Attia, Y.A., Mahmoud, M.B., Zewell, H.S. and Bovera, F. (2013). Productive and reproductive performance and egg quality of laying hens fed diets containing different levels of date pits with enzyme supplementations. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 45: 327-334.
AOAC. (1990). Official methods of analysis 15th Edition. Arlington, VA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists. DC, USA. pp: 931-932.
Attia, A.I., Reda, F.M., Patra, A.K., Elnesr, S.S., Attia, Y.A. and Alagawany, M. (2021). Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) by-products: chemical composition, nutritive value and applications in poultry nutrition, an updating review. Animals. 11: 1133.
Attia, Y.A. and Al-Harthi, M. (2015). Effect of supplementation of date waste to broiler diets on performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics and physiological parameters. Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture. 79: 1-10.
El-Deek, A.A., Attia, Y.A. and Al-Harthi, M.A. (2010). Including whole inedible date in grower-finisher broiler diets and the impact on productive performance, nutrient digestibility and meat quality. Animal. 4: 1647-1652.
El-Faham, A.I., Ali, N.G.M., Ali, R.A.M. and Abdelaziz, M.A.M. (2017). Date palm waste in starter-grower diets and impact on productive and physiological performance of broilers. Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds. 20(2): 299-308.
El-kelawy, M., El-Shafey, A.S. and Refaie, M.S. (2023). Using date stone meal with or without enzymes as an alternative feedstuff in ducks diets. Egyptian Poultry Science Journal. 43(3): 523-541.
El-Sheikh, S.E.M., Al-Shokiry, N.A., Salama, A.A. and Khidr, R.E. (2013). Utilization of Azzawi date meal in local laying hen diets. Egyptian Poultry Science. 33(3): 1115-1127.
Fleck, A. (2024). The World’s Biggest Producers of Dates. Statista. https://www.statista.com/chart/29563/biggest-producers-of-dates/
Folch, J., Lees, M. and Sloane-Stanley, G. (1957). A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. Journal of biological chemistry. 226(1): 497-509.
Georgieva, V., Chobanova, S., Todorov, N. and Pavlov, D. (2014). Effect of dietary crude fiber on endogenous dry matter and nitrogen excretion in cockerels. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science. 20: 903-908.
Ghasemi, R., Torki, M., Ghasemi, H.A. and Zarei, M. (2014). Single or combined effects of date pits and olive pulps on productive traits, egg quality, serum lipids and leucocytes profiles of laying hens. Journal of Applied Animal Research. 42(1): 103-109.
Giovanny, L., Lestari, F.A., Marfira, N., Ambarsari, L. and Warnasih, S (2019). Potency of ethanol extracts of palm seeds (Phoenix dactylifera L.) as antidiabetic with inhibition kinetics parameter. Current Biochemistry. 6(2): 55-67.
Hadwan, A.A.H. and Baidi, I.F. (2021). The effect of date palm powder soaked by vinegar instead wheat in the diet on the blood traits of laying hens IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 923: 012042
Hassan, S.M. and Al Aqil, A.A. (2017). Effect of adding dietary date pits and β-mannanase on performance of local saudi hens. Scientific Journal of King Faisal University. 18(2): 49-60.
Hermes, I.H. and Al-Homidan, A.H. (2004). Effects of using date waste (whole dates and date pits) on performance, egg components and quality characteristics of Baladi Saudi and Leghorn laying hens. Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds. 7: 223-241.
Hussein, A.S. and Alhadrami, G.A. (2003). Effect of enzyme supplementation and diets containing date pits on growth and feed utilization of broiler chicks. Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences. 8: 67-71.
Hy-Line International (2016). Hy-Line W-36 commercial layers management guide. Pages 14–20.
Mahmoud, H.A. (2008). Using date seed meal in Dandarawi laying hens and growing cockerels diets. Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal. 54: 11-23.
Majzoobi, M., Karambakhsh, G., Golmakani, M.T., Mesbahi, G.R. and Farahnaky, A. )2019(. Chemical composition and functional properties of date press cake, an agro-industrial waste. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 21(Suppl.): 1807-1817.
Masoudi, A., Chaji, M., Bojarpour, M. and Mirzadeh, K.H. (2011). Effects of different levels of date pits on performance, carcass characteristics and blood parameters of broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Animal Research. 39(4): 399-405.
Najib, H.A. and Al-Yousif, Y.M. (2012). Effect of enzymatic treatment of Saudi date pits on performance of single comb white leghorn hens and the fatty acid profile of their eggs. International Journal of Poultry Science. 11(10): 624-629.
NRC (1994). Nutrient requirement of poultry. 9th ed. Washington: National Research Council, National Academy Press.
Perez, J.E., Gernat, A.G. and Murillo, J.G. (2000). The effect of different levels of palm Kernel meal in layer diets. Poultry Science. 79: 77–79.
Radwan, M.S.M., Hataba, N.A., El-Faham, A.I. and Ibrahim, S.A. (1997). Using date stone meal in grower chick and layer diets. Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds. 1: 321-333.
Ramezanzadeh, F.M., Rao, R.M., Windhauser, M., Prinyawiwatkul, W. and Marshall W.E. (1999). Prevention of oxidative rancidity in rice bran during storage. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 47(8): 2997-3000.
Refaie, A.M., Abd El-Maged, M.H., Abd El-Halim, H.H.A., Alghonimy, H.R.H. and Shaban, S.A.M. (2022). Performance, physiological parameters and egg quality traits of laying hens as affected by dietary supplementation of date palm pollen. Journal of Animal Health and Production. 10(1): 21-28.
Rezaei, S., Jahromi, M.F., Liang, J.B., Zulkifli, I., Soleimani Farjam, A., Laudadio, V. et al. (2015). Effect of oligosaccharides extract from palm kernel expeller on growth performance, gut microbiota and immune response in broiler chickens. Poultry Science. 94: 2414-2420.
Salajegheh, M.H., Yousef Elahi, M. and Salarmoini, M. (2017). Evaluating the nutritional value of date pits and demonstrating their application in laying hen diets. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 00: 1-10.
SAS Institute (2002). STAT user's guide: Statistics. Version 9.1. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis System Institute, Inc.
Shaba, E.Y., Ndamitso, M.M., Mathew, J.T., Etsunyakpa, M.B., Tsado, A.N., Muhammad, S.S. (2015). Nutritional and anti-nutritional composition of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits sold in major markets of Minna Niger State, Nigeria. African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 9: 167-174.
Shakila, S., Reddy, P.S., Reddy, P.V.V., Ramana, J.V. and Ravi, A. (2012). Effect of palm kernel meal on the performance of broilers. Indian Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Research. 8: 227-234.
Shen, C.S, Chen, I.S. and Sheppard, A.J. (1982). Enzymatic determination of cholesterol in egg yolk. Journal of the Association of the Official Analytical Chemists. 65(5): 1222-4.
Sholichatunnisa, I., Sjofjan, O., Susilorini, T.E., Adli, D.N. and Natsir, M.H. (2022). Effects of date seed flour on broiler chickens’ growth performance, apparent digestibility of protein, and apparent metabolizable energy. Journal of World's Poultry Research. 12(3): 151-156
Singh, H., Kaur, R. and Verghese, M. (2023). Potential health benefits of dates: A mini-review. Novel techniques in nutrition and food science. 7(3): 664.
Zaghari, M., Taherkhani, R., Ghasemi, M. and Shivazad, M. (2009). Estimation of metabolisable energy content of date pit and its effect on lipid and protein oxidation in broiler chicks. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 89: 2336-2341.
Zanu, H.K., Abangiba, J., Arthur-Badoo, W., Akparibo, A.D. and Sam, R. (2012). Laying chickens’ response to various levels of palm kernel cake in diets. International Journal of Livestock Production. 3(1): 12-16.
)