Animal and poultry physiology
Mahmood Sahraei; nader asadzadeh
Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve the reproductive function of Moghani ewes in pasture conditions by using PMSG and GnRH following estrus synchronization. In experiment 1, at least 160 ewes were selected to perform the first step in the beginning of May. In this flock, four groups including control ...
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The aim of this study was to improve the reproductive function of Moghani ewes in pasture conditions by using PMSG and GnRH following estrus synchronization. In experiment 1, at least 160 ewes were selected to perform the first step in the beginning of May. In this flock, four groups including control group (first), synchronization with progesterone sponge (second), synchronization with progesterone sponge plus injection of 400 IU PMSG on the day of sponge removal (thrid) and synchronization with progesterone sponge plus injection of 400 IU PMSG on the day of sponge removal and injection of 2 ml and Vitarolin (GnRH source) 50 hours after sponge removal(fourth). In the experiment 2, born lambs were fed by concentrate with 17.5% crude protein and 2.75 Mcal / kg metabolizable energy per kg of diet during suckling period for 90 days. The lowest lamb weight efficiency was obtained in the non-synchronized and hormone-treated (control) and progesterone-synchronized groups and the highest in the synchronized group plus the injection of 400 IU PMSG and 2 ml Vitarolin (P<0.05). The lowest yield of lamb birth weight was obtained in the first and second groups and the highest in the third group (P<0.05). In terms of weaning weight efficiency of lambs, the lowest amount was observed in the first and second groups and the highest in the third and fourth groups (P<0.05). In general, compared to the control treatment (first group), 60% more income was earned by the herdsman in the fourth group.
Animal and poultry nutrition
Fatemeh Farzaneh; D. Alipour; Hassan Aliarabi; Heshmatolah Saadi
Abstract
At first, a questionnaire was designed in three sections 1) Personal information of farmers, 2) facilities and capacity and 3) nutrition management. The information of 41 dairy farms in Hamedan province was collected at 2020 to 2021. After visiting each farm followed by the interview and completing the ...
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At first, a questionnaire was designed in three sections 1) Personal information of farmers, 2) facilities and capacity and 3) nutrition management. The information of 41 dairy farms in Hamedan province was collected at 2020 to 2021. After visiting each farm followed by the interview and completing the questionnaire, some samples of TMR were collected to measure the TMR particle size with a Penn state shaker box. Also, the milk in the bulk tank, the feces of lactating cow and ground corn grains were sampled. In 51.2% of farms they fed cows 3 times a day. The results of the research showed that the starch of the complete TMR was in the range of the key performance indicators in 59% of the farms, nearly 26% were above the range and nearly 15% were below the KPI. Results from feces analysis shows that in 46.3% of farms, amount of starch is in KPI range (3-5%). Relative index of corn flour was about 412.35 (more than KPI). The results obtained from the analysis of milk showed that the ratio of fat to protein of milk is 0.99% on average (less than KPI). ). Also peNDF was 23.5% more than the KPI in average. In general, the management of dairy farms in Hamadan province, especially in nutrition management (i.e., analysis of available feed and produced milk, feeding methods, and bunk management), requires fundamental reform. The continuous monitoring of these farms by nutrition experts and training courses will help improve their management.
Animal and poultry nutrition
Sara Moradi; Soudabeh Moradi; Ali Hossien Pirai
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of pomegranate peel aqueous extract (PPE) and probiotic addition on growth performance, carcass and gastrointestinal tract characteristics and blood parameters of broiler chickens under heat stress conditions. A total of 420 one-day-old broiler chickens ...
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This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of pomegranate peel aqueous extract (PPE) and probiotic addition on growth performance, carcass and gastrointestinal tract characteristics and blood parameters of broiler chickens under heat stress conditions. A total of 420 one-day-old broiler chickens were distributed in a completely randomized design and as 3×2+1 factorial arrangement to seven treatments with six replicates and 10 birds per each replication. The experimental treatments consisted of two levels of probiotic (0, and 200 mg/kg), three levels of PPE (0, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) in addition of a positive control diet containing Tetracycline antibiotic. The chicks were exposed to 37 ± 1 °C for 7 h / d, 10:00 am to 17:00 pm, from 25 to 42 days of age. The main effects of PPE and probiotic were not significant on the body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the starter (1-21 days of age) and whole experimental (1-42 days of age) periods. The dietary addition of probiotic and antibiotic numerically improved the feed conversion ratio during the starter phase as compared with control group (P < 0.10). The dietary addition of probiotic reduced the blood plasma cholesterol concentration (P < 0.05). Generally,, the addition of PPE and probiotic to the diet had no positive effect on weight gain, feed intake, production efficiency factor and carcass caracteristics of broilers reared under heat stress conditions, however the dietary addition of probiotic and antibiotic improved FCR by 10.3, and 9.1%, respectively, during starter period.
Animal and poultry genetics and breeding
Seyedeh Fatemeh Mousavi; Hamid-Reza Seyedabadi; Ali javanrouh; Mahmoud Amiri Roudbar
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the structure and genetic diversity of the Caspian horse population in Iran using short tandem repeats (STR) analysis. Data from 514 Caspian horses were utilized, including information from 17 STR loci. Allelic frequency, observed and expected heterozygosity, ...
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The purpose of this research was to investigate the structure and genetic diversity of the Caspian horse population in Iran using short tandem repeats (STR) analysis. Data from 514 Caspian horses were utilized, including information from 17 STR loci. Allelic frequency, observed and expected heterozygosity, allelic richness, heterozygous deficiency in the population (Fis), polymorphic information content, Hardy-Weinberg test, and gene diversity were calculated for all studied STR loci. Additionally, the effective population size (Ne) for the current generation was determined using a single population estimator based on LD information, considering various thresholds to eliminate rare alleles. The results revealed that the observed allelic diversity for STR loci in the Caspian population exceeded previous estimations. Moreover, there has been an increasing trend in homozygosity changes in recent years, likely attributable to increased mating among relatives. The estimated Ne varied between 84.5 (with alleles having a frequency less than 0.05% removed) to 139.6 (without allele removal). These findings indicate that the genetic diversity of this population is not in favorable conditions, and the implementation of conservation programs and controlled crossings are necessary to maintain diversity.
Animal and poultry management
Zahra Mohammadi; Mohammad Reza Mahboobi; Gholamhossein Abdollahzadeh; Fatemeh Kazemi
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of ranchers in the field using concentrated feed in animal nutrition in the Razavieh District of Mashhad County. The required data was collected by completing a questionnaire from 280 sheep breeders who were randomly selected based ...
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This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of ranchers in the field using concentrated feed in animal nutrition in the Razavieh District of Mashhad County. The required data was collected by completing a questionnaire from 280 sheep breeders who were randomly selected based on the Krejcie and Morgan table. The results showed that more than 70% of ranchers had an average level of knowledge and 60% had a good attitude and behavior in the field using concentrated feed in animal nutrition. Also, there is a significant difference between the views of ranchers in the field of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of using concentrated feed in animal nutrition according to the variables of satisfaction with the quality of concentrated livestock feed, membership in a cooperative, training on consumption of concentrated livestock feed, livestock farm insurance, type of livestock farm, familiarity with diseases related to livestock feeding and the state of reduction production in the last three years. The results of the correlation test showed there is a significant relationship between the components of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of using concentrated feed in animal nutrition with the variables of age, livestock work history, cooperative membership history, education level, number of attendance at training courses and number of contacts with extension worker.
Animal and poultry management
Moharram Ainollahi; Saeed Bagheri
Abstract
The present study measured the total factor productivity (TFP) of production resources used in poultry farms in Zanjan province of Iran. The statistical population of the study included all broiler farms in 2014. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire complemented with an interview schedule ...
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The present study measured the total factor productivity (TFP) of production resources used in poultry farms in Zanjan province of Iran. The statistical population of the study included all broiler farms in 2014. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire complemented with an interview schedule to collect cross-sectional data from a sample drawn from 50 operating broiler producers using a simple random sampling design. The Cobb-Douglas production function was estimated to measure the marginal productivity, average productivity and total factor productivity of the units. Findings from the study revealed that feed costs are very important in poultry farms, accounting for about 70% of total costs. While other production factors account for a total of 30% of costs. Meanwhile, costs of hatching, repair, maintenance, fuel, electricity, veterinary medicine and labor costs account for 14%, 6%, 4%, 3% and 1% of total costs, respectively. A detailed examination of production costs showed evidence of optimal medical and treatment costs among poultry farms which are linked to the efficient use of input resources. Furthermore, examining the loss situation in the first week showed that 92% of chicken farms recorded a loss rate of less than 5% in the first week. Moreover, it was found that management, labor, health, food rations and level of industrialization are the factors that influence TFP of the units.
Animal and poultry nutrition
Alireza Talebian Masoudi
Abstract
This research was conducted to produce and study the effect of iodinated peanut oil on preventing iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in sheep. Iodinated fatty acid ethyl esters prepared from peanut oil (IFAEEpo). Thirty Farahani ewes (average body weight ± standard deviation = 42±4 kg) with ...
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This research was conducted to produce and study the effect of iodinated peanut oil on preventing iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in sheep. Iodinated fatty acid ethyl esters prepared from peanut oil (IFAEEpo). Thirty Farahani ewes (average body weight ± standard deviation = 42±4 kg) with a history of iodine deficiency were divided into three groups, including one control and two treatment groups. The treatment groups received 390 mg iodine by intramuscular injection of IFAEEpo (n = 10) or Depodine® (n = 10), respectively in late gestation at the end of winter. The duration of the study was three months, and serum iodine and thyrotropin-stimulating hormone (TSH), T3 and T4 concentrations were determined at baseline and every 30-day intervals over a period of three months. The serum iodine concentration of the test animals was 15.14 μg/litre at the beginning of the trial and thus in the deficiency range. Both iodine supplements caused a significant increase in serum iodine concentration in the experimental groups compared to the control group in all three months of sampling (P < 0.01), and both supplements increased the production and concentration of T4 and T3 hormones in the entire experimental period. The increase in serum mineral iodine concentration and thyroid hormones after iodine supplementation showed that the production of these hormones was affected by iodine deficiency and that the supplement produced was effective in preventing the iodine deficiency disorders in livestock and had a similar effect to the foreign ones.
Golafshan Mahaki; Manouchehr Souri; Reza Masoudi; nader asadzadeh
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the sperm quality preservation in sheep using dietary Zinc nanoparticles during chilling process. In this experiment, 15 adult rams were divided into 3 equal groups and received 0, 35 and 70 ppm Zinc nanoparticles, respectively. Then, semen samples were collected ...
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the sperm quality preservation in sheep using dietary Zinc nanoparticles during chilling process. In this experiment, 15 adult rams were divided into 3 equal groups and received 0, 35 and 70 ppm Zinc nanoparticles, respectively. Then, semen samples were collected and after dilution in cooling extender were stored at 4 ˚C until 48 hours. Sperm quality was evaluated at 0, 24 and 48 hours after chilling and quality parameters such as total motility, progressive motility, viability, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity and lipid peroxidation were assessed. In results, during evaluation times (0, 24 and 48 hours) of cooling periods, using treatment 70 increased total motility, progressive motility, viability, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity and decreased lipid peroxidation in ram chilled sperm. In conclusion, it was observed that using Zinc nanoparticles in animal ration could be a suitable method to conserve ram sperm quality during chilling process.
Animal and poultry nutrition
Shahoo Majid Abadi; taimour tanha; rabie rahbar; Reza Taherkhani
Abstract
The aim was to investigate the effect of different levels of alfalfa substitution with dry-fed forage on fattening performance, blood parameters, apparent digestibility, and economic evaluation of experimental rations for male Kurdish lambs. an experiment was conducted on 30 lambs with an average body ...
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The aim was to investigate the effect of different levels of alfalfa substitution with dry-fed forage on fattening performance, blood parameters, apparent digestibility, and economic evaluation of experimental rations for male Kurdish lambs. an experiment was conducted on 30 lambs with an average body weight of 41.1 ± 7.4 kg in the form of a completely randomized design with three treatments and 10 replications in 30 individual places and during a fattening period of 80 days. The experimental treatments included the diet without fodder (control), containing 15% and 30% of fodder. Daily feed intake, growth performance, food conversion ratio, some blood parameters and economic efficiency of the rations were measured. The lowest amount of dry matter consumption and food conversion ratio was related to the diet containing 30% fodder vetch. Based on the blood analysis of the lambs after 2 hours of feeding, the highest amount of glucose, triglyceride and blood urea nitrogen was found in the lambs consuming diets containing 15% and 30% fodder vetch. Also, the results showed that the highest digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, crude fat, ADF and NDF was related to the control diet and the lowest was for the diet containing 30% fodder vetch. Regarding the economic evaluation of the rations, the highest price per kilogram of feed was calculated for the control ration and the highest gross profit per kilogram of live weight was calculated for the ration containing 30% fodder vetch.
Animal and poultry physiology
Reza Masoudi; fatemeh zarei; nader asadzadeh; shahrouz khorrami
Abstract
The current study was aimed to assess the influence of adding different concentrations of CoQ10 on the freezability of buck sperm. For this purpose, five adult Saanen bucks were used. After semen collection by using an artificial vagina and primary evaluation, semen samples were diluted with tris extender ...
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The current study was aimed to assess the influence of adding different concentrations of CoQ10 on the freezability of buck sperm. For this purpose, five adult Saanen bucks were used. After semen collection by using an artificial vagina and primary evaluation, semen samples were diluted with tris extender supplemented with different CoQ10 (0, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 μM) concentraitons and were frozen. Motility, membrane integrity, morphology, mitochondria activity, acrosome integrity, viability and Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were evaluated after thawing. The results showed that using 10 and 100 μM concentrations of CoQ10 had the highest and lowest effect on the preservation of sperm qualitative parameters during the freezing process, respectively. In this way the highest percentages of total motility, progressive motility, membrane integrity, mitochondria activity, acrosome integrity and viability and lowest MDA concentration as a marker of lipid peroxidation were observed in extenders containing 10 μM CoQ10. Therefore, supplementation of freezing medium with CoQ10 could be an efficient method to preserve the quality of buck's semen.
Animal and poultry nutrition
Samira Abaszadeh; Behnam Ahmadipour gounaghani; Nasrollah Pirany; Fariborz Khajali
Abstract
In the present study, the antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic effects of atorvastatin and liquorice root were investigated in broiler chickens raised at high altitude. The experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design with 4 treatments, 6 repetitions, treatments include basic ...
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In the present study, the antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic effects of atorvastatin and liquorice root were investigated in broiler chickens raised at high altitude. The experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design with 4 treatments, 6 repetitions, treatments include basic diet (control), treatment 2 (basic diet + 20 mg/kg of atorvastatin), treatments 3 and 4, respectively, basic diet + 3.75 and 7.5 g/kg of liquorice root powder. The test results showed that weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly improved by adding atorvastatin and liquorice root powder (7.5 g) (P<0.05). The inclusion of atorvastatin and liquorice decreased the expression of the key liver lipogenic enzymes acetyl-CoA carboxylase and hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase compared to the control (P<0.05), causing a significant decrease in abdominal fat, liver weight And the right ventricle was revived according to the weight. On the other hand, there was a decrease in the concentration of malondialdehyde, triacylglycerol and low density lipoproteins and an increase in the concentration of nitric oxide compared to the control group (P<0.05). With the increase in liquorice consumption level, the telomere length of liver DNA increased. In general, the addition of atorvastatin and liquorice herb moderated lipogenesis, increased antioxidant response, improved cardiopulmonary function, and reduced telomere DNA degradation in broilers under hypoxic conditions. According to the findings of this research, the use of 20 mg/kg of atorvastatin and 7.5 g/kg of liquorice root powder of diet improves performance and reduces the traits related to fat in broiler chickens.
