Animal and poultry nutrition
Hoshang Jafari; poorya Dadvar; Saifali varmaghany
Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary artichoke level on growth performance, nutrients digestibility and plasma parameters in fattening male lambs. Twenty-four Kurdish lambs (30.18 ± 2.35 kg BW and 7 months age) were used in a completely randomized design. Experimental ...
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The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary artichoke level on growth performance, nutrients digestibility and plasma parameters in fattening male lambs. Twenty-four Kurdish lambs (30.18 ± 2.35 kg BW and 7 months age) were used in a completely randomized design. Experimental diets were diet containing 0% artichoke (control), diets containing 10 and 20% artichoke respectively. The experiment was lasted for 100 days including 20 days for adaptation period and 80 days for data recording and samples collection. Results showed that lambs fed diet containing artichoke had greater average daily gain and feed efficiency compared to the control group (P<0.05). Digestibility of dry matter (P=0.09), organic matter (P=0.09) and crude protein (P=0.10) tended to increase linearly with increasing artichoke level in the diet, whereas digestibility of neutral detergent fiber was not affected by artichoke level in the diet. Lambs fed diets containing artichoke had lower blood urea concentration compared to those fed control diet (P<0.05), but plasma glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were not affected by the experimental diets. It is concluded that feeding artichoke up to 20% of total mixed ration not only had no negative effect on feed intake and nutrients digestibility but also improved growth performance of fattening lambs.
Animal and poultry nutrition
Eidi Ahmadi; Ayoub Azizi; Amir Fadaeifar; Afrooz Sharifi
Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of different levels of camelina sativa meal (CSM) (native variety of Soheil) on nutrients intake, growth performance and apparent nutrient digestibility of Lori-Bakhtiari fattening lambs. A total of 30 fattening lambs with average age of 4 to 5 month ...
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The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of different levels of camelina sativa meal (CSM) (native variety of Soheil) on nutrients intake, growth performance and apparent nutrient digestibility of Lori-Bakhtiari fattening lambs. A total of 30 fattening lambs with average age of 4 to 5 month (average live weight of 34.5 ± 5.0 kg) were used in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 10 replications for 56 days. Experimental diets were replacing soybean meal with CSM at levels 0 (control), 5 and 10% diet of dry mater (DM). The results showed that by increasing the level of the CSM in the diet up to 10%, except fot ether extract consumption which increased linearly (P <0.05), intake of other nutrients including DM, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neurtal detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were similar among experimental diets (P >0.05). In term of performance traits, final body weight, total weight gain, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio were unchanged during the entire fattening period and once every two weeks by feeding experimental diets (P >0.05). Also, experimental diets did not affect nutrients digestibility of DM, OM, CP, NDF and ADF (P >0.05). In general, the results of the present study showed that the use of native variety of camelina meal instead of soybean meal as a new protein source is recommended up to 10% in fattening lambs diet.
Zahra Yousefi; Ayoub Azizi; Amir Fadaeifar; Ali Kiani; Afrooz Sharifi
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding different levels of water to the total mixed ration on growth performance, nutrients intake, digestibility and feeding behavior of fattening lambs. For this purpose, 28 Lori male lambs with120 ± 6 days old and 33.4 ± 3.4 kg ...
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This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding different levels of water to the total mixed ration on growth performance, nutrients intake, digestibility and feeding behavior of fattening lambs. For this purpose, 28 Lori male lambs with120 ± 6 days old and 33.4 ± 3.4 kg of live weight were used in completely randomized design experiment with 4 treatments and 7 lambs per treatment. Experimental diets containing levels 10 (control), 20, 30 and 40 % moisture were fed to the lambs for 56 days. Results showed that dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber intakes were elevated linearly when dietary moisture content increased up to 30 % (P<0.05). Total weight gain, average daily gain and chewing activity traits including rumination and chewing were improved linearly (P<0.05) with increasing dietary moisture content up to 30%. Increasing the level of dietary moisture up to 30% linearly increased DM, OM and CP digestibility (P<0.05). In conclusion, increasing the dietary moisture of fattening lambs up to 30% improved feed intake and growth performance of fattening lambs.
zahra shirvani; Omid Dayani; zohreh hajalizadeh
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of different levels of wasted onion (WO) on nutrient digestibility, volatile fatty acids, protozoa population and blood parameters, four Kermani male sheep (BW, 45±1.5 kg) were assigned to Latin square design with four 21-days period. After determining the chemical ...
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In order to investigate the effects of different levels of wasted onion (WO) on nutrient digestibility, volatile fatty acids, protozoa population and blood parameters, four Kermani male sheep (BW, 45±1.5 kg) were assigned to Latin square design with four 21-days period. After determining the chemical composition of WO, different levels of it (DM basis) was replaced with barley grain in diets. The experimental diets were: 1) control (no WO), 2) diet containing 8% WO, 3) diet containing 16% WO, and 4) diet containing 24% WO. The dry matter intake, and dry matter and crude protein digestibility of experimental diets were not affected by the WO. The intake and excretion nitrogen and percentage of retained nitrogen were not affected by experimental diets. Also, ruminal fermentation parameters including pH, NH3-N and protozoa population were not affected by addition of WO in diets, but ruminal valeric acid concentration decreased with increasing WO (p<0.05). Furthermore, blood cholesterol decreased linearly (p<0.05) by adding WO. In general, the use of WO up to 24% of the diet instead of barley grain showed no signs of poisoning or anemia (paleness of the mucous membranes, slight discoloration of urine, weakness and lethargy) in sheep. Therefore, due to the fact that the majority of parameters tested in this study were not significantly affected when using WO in diet, WO can be used up to 24% (DM basis) in sheep's diet.
Ayoub Azizi; Afrooz Sharifi; Hasan Fazaeli; Bahareh Taheri Dezfuli
Abstract
The aim of present study was to investigate the effects of processed broiler litter (PBL) levels at 0, 8, 16 and 24% at the expense of dietary forage (i.e., alfalfa and wheat straw at 65 and 35 percent, respectively) on apparent nutrients digestibility, ruminal parameters and blood metabolites in Moghani ...
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The aim of present study was to investigate the effects of processed broiler litter (PBL) levels at 0, 8, 16 and 24% at the expense of dietary forage (i.e., alfalfa and wheat straw at 65 and 35 percent, respectively) on apparent nutrients digestibility, ruminal parameters and blood metabolites in Moghani male sheep. The broiler litter was processed at 75-85 oC for 20 min in the special hot tanks. Sixteen Moghani male sheep were allocated into four experimental diet groups with four animals in each diet in a completely randomized design. Results showed that sheep fed diet containing 16% PBL linearly increased (p < 0.05) digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), CP and ash-free neutral detergent fiber (NDFom). Increasing the level of PBL in the diet linearly tended to decrease (P=0.07) ruminal pH, but increased (p < 0.05) ammonia nitrogen concentration. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) increased with increasing PBL level in the diet (p < 0.05). Overall, results of this study indicated that substituting PBL up to 16% of forage diet improved nutrients digestibility, ammonia nitrogen concentration and BUN of Moghani male sheep.
Ayoub Azizi; Zahra Aminifard
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to determine chemical composition and nutritive value of radish leaf (RL) in vitro. In the first stage, chemical composition of radish leaves were determined, then its fermentation parameters and nutrients disappearance was investigated using in vitro gas production (GP) ...
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This experiment was conducted to determine chemical composition and nutritive value of radish leaf (RL) in vitro. In the first stage, chemical composition of radish leaves were determined, then its fermentation parameters and nutrients disappearance was investigated using in vitro gas production (GP) and two-stage nutrient digestion methods compared to wheat straw (WS) and alfalfa. In the second stage, RL was included in the diet at the levels of 0, 50, 100, 150 or 200 g/kg dry matter (DM) and incubated in vitro. Results showed that DM, organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), lignin, Ca and P content of RL were 135, 752, 178, 385, 281, 52, 17.5 and 2.85 g/kg DM, respectively. Total volume of gas production and nutrient disappearance were significantly higher in RL compared to WS (p < 0.05), and most of these parameters were comparable with alfalfa. Including different levels of RL in the diet increased DM and OM disappearance (p < 0.05). Highest and lowest short chain fatty acids, and two-stage DM and NDF disappearance were observed by incubation of diet containing 200 g RL and control diet, respectively (p < 0.05). Overall, results of the present study showed that radish leaf has better nutritive value than that of WS, and it is comparable with alfalfa in term of rumen digestion of fermentation. Inclusion of this by-product in the diet up to 200 g/kg DM is recommended.
Nemat Esmaeili Sirchi; Omid Dayani; Reza Tahmasbi; Mohammad Mahdi Sharifi Hosseini; Amin Khezri
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the nutritional value of pistachio seed coat (PSC: testa) and its feeding effect on nutrients digestibility and blood parameters in sheep. Chemical composition and nutritive values of PSC were determined by laboratory method and using gas test, respectively. Then ...
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This study was conducted to determine the nutritional value of pistachio seed coat (PSC: testa) and its feeding effect on nutrients digestibility and blood parameters in sheep. Chemical composition and nutritive values of PSC were determined by laboratory method and using gas test, respectively. Then PSC was used in four levels as a substitute of wheat bran. The experimental diets were: 1) control diet (without PSC, 2) diet with 5 percent PSC, 3) diet with 10 percent PSC and 4) diet had 15 percent PSC. Four mature Kermani rams (4 ± 54) were used in 4 × 4 Latin square design in four periods of 21 days. The mean of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, NDF, ADF and organic matter of PSC were 90.97, 19.35, 20.09, 45.14, 40.72 and 93.78% respectively. Metabolizable energy of PSC was estimated 3.71 Mcal/kg. Dry matter intake was not affected by the level of PSC. By increasing the level of PSC the values of EE and NDF digestibilities were increased (P <0/05). Also, blood total protein concentration and triglycerides of sheep were increased but BUN decreased (P <0/05). In conclusion, due to the good nutritive value of PSC it is recommended to use it up to 15% in the diet of sheep.
